Fanelli Giuseppe Nicolò, Naccarato Antonio Giuseppe, Scatena Cristian
Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Front Oncol. 2020 Apr 22;10:569. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00569. eCollection 2020.
The processes of recurrence and metastasis, through which cancer relapses locally or spreads to distant sites in the body, accounts for more than 90% of cancer-related deaths. At present there are very few treatment options for patients at this stage of their disease. The main obstacle to successfully treat advanced cancer is the cells' ability to change in ways that make them resistant to treatment. Understanding the cellular mechanisms that mediate this cancer cell plasticity may lead to improved patient survival. Epigenetic reprogramming, together with tumor microenvironment, drives such dynamic mechanisms favoring tumor heterogeneity, and cancer cell plasticity. In addition, the development of new approaches that can report on cancer plasticity in their native environment have profound implications for studying cancer biology and monitoring tumor progression. We herein provide an overview of recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms regulating cell plasticity and current strategies for their monitoring and therapy management.
复发和转移过程，即癌症在局部复发或扩散至身体远处部位，占癌症相关死亡的90%以上。目前，处于疾病这一阶段的患者治疗选择非常有限。成功治疗晚期癌症的主要障碍是癌细胞能够以使其对治疗产生抗性的方式发生变化。了解介导这种癌细胞可塑性的细胞机制可能会提高患者生存率。表观遗传重编程与肿瘤微环境一起驱动这种有利于肿瘤异质性和癌细胞可塑性的动态机制。此外，能够在其原生环境中报告癌症可塑性的新方法的开发对研究癌症生物学和监测肿瘤进展具有深远意义。我们在此概述了在理解调节细胞可塑性的机制以及当前监测和治疗管理策略方面的最新进展。
