Brito-Santos Fábio, Trilles Luciana, Firacative Carolina, Wanke Bodo, Carvalho-Costa Filipe Anibal, Nishikawa Marília Martins, Campos Jonas Pereira, Junqueira Angela Cristina Veríssimo, Souza Amanda Coutinho de, Lazéra Márcia Dos Santos, Meyer Wieland
Mycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Clinical School, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital (Research and Education Network), Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Microorganisms. 2020 May 7;8(5):682. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8050682.
Cryptococcosis, a potentially fatal mycosis in humans, is acquired via exposure to exogenous environmental sources. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, genetic diversity, and virulence of cryptococcal strains isolated from indoor dust in the Rio Negro micro-region of the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 8.9% of the studied houses were positive, recovering nine VNI and 16 VGII isolates, revealing an endemic pattern in domestic microenvironments. The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) consensus multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for the species complexes identified two sequence types (STs), ST93 and ST5, amongst isolates and six STs amongst isolates, including the Vancouver Island Outbreak ST7 (VGIIa) and ST20 (VGIIb), the Australian ST5, and ST264, ST268 and ST445, being unique to the studied region. Virulence studies in the model showed that five strains and one strain showed a similar pathogenic potential to the highly virulent Vancouver Island outbreak strain CDR265 (VGIIa). The findings of this study indicate that humans can be exposed to the agents of cryptococcosis via house dust, forming the basis for future studies to analyze the impact of early and continuous exposure to indoor dust on the development of subclinical or clinical infections.
隐球菌病是一种对人类有潜在致命性的真菌病，通过接触外源性环境源而感染。本研究旨在调查从巴西亚马逊州里奥内格罗微区域室内灰尘中分离出的隐球菌菌株的频率、遗传多样性和毒力。在所研究的房屋中，共有8.9%呈阳性，分离出9株VNI和16株VGII菌株，揭示了家庭微环境中的一种地方病模式。国际人类和动物真菌学会（ISHAM）针对该菌种复合体的共识多位点序列分型（MLST）方案在VNI分离株中鉴定出两种序列类型（STs），即ST93和ST5，在VGII分离株中鉴定出六种STs，包括温哥华岛暴发株ST7（VGIIa）和ST20（VGIIb）、澳大利亚ST5以及ST264、ST268和ST445，这些是所研究区域特有的。在秀丽隐杆线虫模型中的毒力研究表明，五株VNI菌株和一株VGII菌株显示出与高毒力的温哥华岛暴发株CDR265（VGIIa）相似的致病潜力。本研究结果表明，人类可通过房屋灰尘接触隐球菌病病原体，为未来分析早期和持续接触室内灰尘对亚临床或临床感染发展的影响的研究奠定了基础。
