Institute of Psychology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
Chair of Research and Science Management, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2020 Sep;33(5):545-559. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2020.1763141. Epub 2020 May 12.
In this research, we examine the relationship between goal-directed rumination, psychological distress, and performance. Although previous research has largely contributed to our understanding of how these constructs are related, the direction of their relationships remains unclear.
We argue that goal-directed rumination and psychological distress (conceived as perceived stress and strain) are reciprocally related, and that goal-directed rumination has a positive effect on performance when controlling for the negative effect of psychological distress.
We explored these relationships in a longitudinal field study, drawing on multiple sources: self-reports of 147 students on goal-directed rumination and psychological distress and objective ratings of academic performance.
Based on structural equation modelling, we employed a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model and hierarchical regressions to examine our hypotheses.
We demonstrated that goal-directed rumination predicted perceived stress one week later but not vice versa, while its relationship to strain was less clear. Furthermore, goal-directed rumination positively predicted academic performance when we controlled for psychological distress.
We found evidence for a unidirectional relationship between goal-directed rumination and psychological distress, especially for perceived stress. Additionally, we observed that psychological distress diminishes the beneficial effect of goal-directed rumination on academic performance.
在这项研究中，我们考察了目标定向反刍、心理困扰和表现之间的关系。尽管先前的研究在很大程度上有助于我们理解这些结构之间的关系，但它们之间关系的方向仍不清楚。
我们认为，目标定向反刍和心理困扰（被视为感知压力和紧张）是相互关联的，并且在控制心理困扰的负面影响的情况下，目标定向反刍对表现有积极影响。
我们在一项纵向实地研究中探讨了这些关系，该研究借鉴了多个来源：147 名学生的目标定向反刍和心理困扰的自我报告以及学业成绩的客观评估。
基于结构方程建模，我们采用了随机截距交叉滞后面板模型和层次回归来检验我们的假设。
我们证明，目标定向反刍可以预测一周后的感知压力，但反之则不然，而其与紧张的关系则不太清楚。此外，当我们控制心理困扰时，目标定向反刍对学业表现有积极的预测作用。
我们发现目标定向反刍和心理困扰之间存在单向关系，尤其是感知压力。此外，我们还观察到心理困扰会降低目标定向反刍对学业表现的有益影响。
