Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box: 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2020 May 11;20(1):333. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05068-6.
Malaria is a life threating vector borne disease caused by different Plasmodium parasites. Metema and Armachiho are two of the top five malaria endemic areas among the districts of Amhara region in Ethiopia. Transmission pattern is seasonal and migrant laborers who visit these areas for employment in mechanized agriculture are highly affected. The aim of this study was to investigate seasonal abundance, abdominal status and parity rate of An.gambiae s.l in Metema-Armachiho lowlands, Northwest Ethiopia.
A 1 year longitudinal entomological study was conducted in Metema-Armachiho lowlands from June 2016-May 2017. Mosquitoes were collected using CDC-light traps in indoor and outdoor sites for four consecutive days in each month. A total of eight standard battery operated CDC-light traps were used to collect mosquitoes. Female mosquitoes were classed as unfed, fed or gravid under a dissecting microscope. The ovaries of all unfed An.gambiae s.l mosquitoes were examined for evidence of parity. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS-20 software. Chi-square test was applied to show significant difference between variables. P-value< 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Of the total 1253 mosquitoes collected, 713 (552 female, 161 male) were culex and 540 (501 female, 39 male) were An.gambiae s.l. About 50.9% were collected in June-August 2016, 21.7% in September-November 2016, 12.0% in December 2016-February 2017 and 15.4% in March to May 2017. Of the total, 57.2 and 42.8% of the An.gambiae s.l were collected from indoor and outdoor sites respectively. Of the total females collected, 76.8% were unfed; of which 69.4% were parous. Significantly higher number of female An.gambiae s.l were collected in indoor and there was significant difference in abdominal status of An.gambiae s.l mosquitoes collected in different season (P < 0.05).
Highest number of An.gambiae s.l was observed from June-August followed by September-November. The parity rate of An.gambiae s.l was high and there was significant difference in abdominal status of An.gambiae s.l collected in different season.
疟疾是一种由不同疟原虫引起的危及生命的虫媒病。梅特马和阿尔马奇霍是埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区五个疟疾流行区中的两个。传播模式是季节性的，前往这些地区从事机械化农业工作的移民劳工受到的影响最大。本研究旨在调查西北埃塞俄比亚梅特马-阿尔马奇霍低地间按蚊属的季节性丰度、腹部状况和产仔率。
2016 年 6 月至 2017 年 5 月，在梅特马-阿尔马奇霍低地进行了为期 1 年的纵向昆虫学研究。使用室内和室外的 CDC 诱蚊灯在每个月的连续四天收集蚊子。总共使用了 8 个标准的电池驱动的 CDC 诱蚊灯收集蚊子。在解剖显微镜下，将雌性蚊子分为未进食、进食和饱腹三种状态。对所有未进食的按蚊属蚊子的卵巢进行检查，以确定其产仔率。使用 SPSS-20 软件输入和分析数据。卡方检验用于显示变量之间的显著差异。P 值<0.05 被视为具有统计学意义。
在总共收集的 1253 只蚊子中，713 只为库蚊（552 只为雌性，161 只为雄性），540 只为按蚊属（501 只为雌性，39 只为雄性）。2016 年 6 月至 8 月采集的蚊子占 50.9%，2016 年 9 月至 11 月采集的蚊子占 21.7%，2016 年 12 月至 2017 年 2 月采集的蚊子占 12.0%，2017 年 3 月至 5 月采集的蚊子占 15.4%。按蚊属中，57.2%和 42.8%分别来自室内和室外采集。在采集的所有雌性蚊子中，76.8%未进食；其中 69.4%为产仔的。在室内采集的按蚊属雌性蚊子数量明显较多，且按蚊属蚊子在不同季节的腹部状况存在显著差异（P<0.05）。
按蚊属数量最高的是 6 月至 8 月，其次是 9 月至 11 月。按蚊属的产仔率较高，不同季节采集的按蚊属蚊子腹部状况存在显著差异。
