Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Cell Death Dis. 2020 May 11;11(5):349. doi: 10.1038/s41419-020-2542-9.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from a wide range of sources and easily isolated and cultured. MSCs have the capacity for in vitro amplification and self-renewal, low immunogenicity and immunomodulatory properties, and under certain conditions, MSCs can be differentiated into a variety of cells. In the cardiovascular system, MSCs can protect the myocardium by reducing the level of inflammation, promoting the differentiation of myocardial cells around infarct areas and angiogenesis, increasing apoptosis resistance, and inhibiting fibrosis, which are ideal qualities for cardiovascular repair. Preclinical studies have shown that MSCs can be transplanted and improve cardiac repair, but challenges, such as their low rate of migration to the ischemic myocardium, low tissue retention, and low survival rate after transplantation, remain. This article reviews the potential and methods of MSC transplantation in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the challenges of the clinical use of MSCs.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）来源于广泛的来源，易于分离和培养。MSCs 具有体外扩增和自我更新的能力、低免疫原性和免疫调节特性，并且在某些条件下，MSCs 可以分化为多种细胞。在心血管系统中，MSCs 通过降低炎症水平、促进梗死区域周围心肌细胞的分化和血管生成、增加抗凋亡能力以及抑制纤维化来保护心肌，这是心血管修复的理想特性。临床前研究表明，MSCs 可以进行移植并改善心脏修复，但仍存在一些挑战，如向缺血心肌的迁移率低、组织保留率低以及移植后的存活率低等。本文综述了 MSC 移植在治疗心血管疾病（CVDs）中的潜力和方法，以及 MSC 临床应用所面临的挑战。
