Wu Renyi, Wang Lujing, Kuo Hsiao-Chen Dina, Shannar Ahmad, Peter Rebecca, Chou Pochung Jordan, Li Shanyi, Hudlikar Rasika, Liu Xia, Liu Zhigang, Poiani George J, Amorosa Louis, Brunetti Luigi, Kong Ah-Ng
Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China.
Curr Pharmacol Rep. 2020;6(3):56-70. doi: 10.1007/s40495-020-00216-7. Epub 2020 May 11.
The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has presented unprecedented challenges to the healthcare systems in almost every country around the world. Currently, there are no proven effective vaccines or therapeutic agents against the virus. Current clinical management includes infection prevention and control measures and supportive care including supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilatory support. Evolving research and clinical data regarding the virologic SARS-CoV-2 suggest a potential list of repurposed drugs with appropriate pharmacological effects and therapeutic efficacies in treating COVID-19 patients. In this review, we will update and summarize the most common and plausible drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. These drugs and therapeutic agents include antiviral agents (remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, lopinavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, and oseltamivir), and supporting agents (Ascorbic acid, Azithromycin, Corticosteroids, Nitric oxide, IL-6 antagonists), among others. We hope that this review will provide useful and most updated therapeutic drugs to prevent, control, and treat COVID-19 patients until the approval of vaccines and specific drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行给世界上几乎每个国家的医疗系统都带来了前所未有的挑战。目前，尚无经证实有效的针对该病毒的疫苗或治疗药物。当前的临床管理包括感染预防和控制措施以及支持性治疗，包括补充氧气和机械通气支持。关于病毒学SARS-CoV-2的不断发展的研究和临床数据表明，有一系列具有适当药理作用和治疗效果的潜在重新利用药物可用于治疗COVID-19患者。在本综述中，我们将更新并总结治疗COVID-19患者最常用且合理的药物。这些药物和治疗剂包括抗病毒药物（瑞德西韦、羟氯喹、氯喹、洛匹那韦、乌米芬韦、法匹拉韦和奥司他韦）以及支持药物（抗坏血酸、阿奇霉素、皮质类固醇、一氧化氮、白细胞介素-6拮抗剂）等。我们希望本综述将提供有用且最新的治疗药物，以预防、控制和治疗COVID-19患者，直至批准针对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗和特定药物。
