Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico.
Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2020 May 12;15(5):e0233056. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233056. eCollection 2020.
The content and composition of seed storage proteins is largely responsible for wheat end-use quality. They mainly consist of polymeric glutenins and monomeric gliadins. According to their electrophoretic mobility, gliadins and glutenins are subdivided into several fractions. Glutenins are classified as high molecular weight or low molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs and LMW-GSs, respectively). LMW-GSs are encoded by multigene families located at the orthologous Glu-3 loci. We designed a set of 16 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that are able to detect SDS-PAGE alleles at the Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci. The SNP markers captured the diversity of alleles in 88 international reference lines and 27 Mexican cultivars, when compared to SDS-PAGE and STS markers, however, showed a slightly larger percent of multiple alleles, mainly for Glu-B3. SNP markers were then used to determine the Glu-1 and Glu-3 allele composition in 54 CIMMYT historical lines and demonstrated to be useful tool for breeding programs to improve wheat end product properties.
种子贮藏蛋白的含量和组成在很大程度上决定了小麦的最终用途品质。它们主要由聚合谷蛋白和单体醇溶蛋白组成。根据其电泳迁移率，醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白可进一步分为几个亚类。谷蛋白分为高分子量或低分子量谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GSs 和 LMW-GSs）。LMW-GSs 由位于同源 Glu-3 位点的多基因家族编码。我们设计了一套 16 个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记物，能够检测 Glu-A3 和 Glu-B3 位点的 SDS-PAGE 等位基因。与 SDS-PAGE 和 STS 标记物相比，SNP 标记物能够捕捉到 88 个国际参考系和 27 个墨西哥品种的等位基因多样性，但显示出稍大比例的复等位基因，主要是 Glu-B3。随后，SNP 标记物被用于确定 54 个 CIMMYT 历史系的 Glu-1 和 Glu-3 等位基因组成，证明其是改良小麦最终产品特性的育种计划的有用工具。
