Židovec Lepej Snježana, Matulić Maja, Gršković Paula, Pavlica Mirjana, Radmanić Leona, Korać Petra
Department of Immunological and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljević", 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Pathogens. 2020 May 8;9(5):353. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9050353.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4) is a ubiquitous human oncogenic virus, and the first human virus found to express microRNAs (miRNAs). Its genome contains two regions encoding more than 40 miRNAs that regulate expression of both viral and human genes. There are numerous evidences that EBV miRNAs impact immune response, affect antigen presentation and recognition, change T- and B-cell communication, drive antibody production during infection, and have a role in cell apoptosis. Moreover, the ability of EBV to induce B-cell transformation and take part in mechanisms of oncogenesis in humans is well known. Although EBV infection is associated with development of various diseases, the role of its miRNAs is still not understood. There is abundant data describing EBV miRNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and several studies that have tried to evaluate their role in gastric carcinoma and lymphoma. This review aims to summarize so far known data about the role of EBV miRNAs in altered regulation of gene expression in human cells in EBV-associated diseases.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）即人类疱疹病毒4型（HHV-4），是一种普遍存在的人类致癌病毒，也是首个被发现可表达微小RNA（miRNA）的人类病毒。其基因组包含两个区域，编码40多种miRNA，这些miRNA可调节病毒和人类基因的表达。有大量证据表明，EBV miRNA会影响免疫反应、影响抗原呈递和识别、改变T细胞与B细胞的通讯、在感染期间驱动抗体产生，并在细胞凋亡中发挥作用。此外，EBV诱导B细胞转化并参与人类肿瘤发生机制的能力是众所周知的。尽管EBV感染与多种疾病的发生有关，但其miRNA的作用仍不清楚。有大量数据描述了鼻咽癌中的EBV miRNA，还有几项研究试图评估它们在胃癌和淋巴瘤中的作用。本综述旨在总结迄今为止关于EBV miRNA在EBV相关疾病中人类细胞基因表达调控改变方面作用的已知数据。
