Syromyatnikov Mikhail Y, Kokina Anastasia V, Solodskikh Sergey A, Panevina Anna V, Popov Evgeny S, Popov Vasily N
Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia.
Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia.
Foods. 2020 May 9;9(5):608. doi: 10.3390/foods9050608.
Microbial contamination of dairy products with a high fat content (e.g., butter) has been studied insufficiently. No studies using modern molecular methods to investigate microbial communities in butter have been conducted so far. In this work, we used high-throughput sequencing and Sanger sequencing of individual bacterial colonies to analyze microbial content of commercially available butter brands. A total of 21 samples of commercially available butter brands were analyzed. We identified a total of 94 amplicon sequence variants corresponding to different microbial taxa. The most abundant lactic acid bacteria in butter were , , and . A large amount of spp. bacteria (87.9% of all identified bacteria) was found in one of the butter samples. Opportunistic pathogens such as group, , spp., , , spp., spp., were detected. The analyzed butter samples were most strongly contaminated with bacteria from the group, and to a lesser extent - with spp. and spp. The plating and Sanger sequencing of individual colonies revealed the presence of and . The Sanger sequencing also showed the presence of in butter which can be dangerous for children under the age of 1 year. We demonstrated that butter is a good growth medium for opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. Our data indicate that despite the fact that butter is a dairy product with a long shelf life, it should be subjected to quality control for the presence of opportunistic bacteria.
高脂肪含量乳制品（如黄油）的微生物污染研究尚不充分。目前尚未有使用现代分子方法研究黄油中微生物群落的相关研究。在本研究中，我们使用高通量测序和单个细菌菌落的桑格测序来分析市售黄油品牌的微生物含量。总共分析了21个市售黄油品牌的样品。我们共鉴定出94个与不同微生物分类群相对应的扩增子序列变体。黄油中最丰富的乳酸菌是 、 、 和 。在其中一个黄油样品中发现了大量的 属细菌（占所有鉴定出细菌的87.9%）。检测到了机会性病原体，如 群、 、 属、 、 、 属、 属、 。分析的黄油样品中受 群细菌污染最为严重，其次是 属和 属细菌。单个菌落的平板培养和桑格测序显示存在 和 。桑格测序还表明黄油中存在 ，这对1岁以下儿童可能是危险的。我们证明黄油是机会性致病细菌的良好生长培养基。我们的数据表明，尽管黄油是一种保质期长的乳制品，但仍应进行质量控制以检测是否存在机会性细菌。
