Trombetta Claudia M, Montomoli Emanuele, Viviani Simonetta, Coluccio Rosa, Marchi Serena
Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy.
VisMederi srl, Strada del Petriccio e Belriguardo 35, Siena 53100, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2020 May 10;8(2):214. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8020214.
Varicella is a highly contagious, infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Those at higher risk of severe complications are immunocompromised individuals, adults, non-immune pregnant women, and newborns. According to the gestational time, when varicella-zoster virus infection is acquired during pregnancy, serious complications can potentially occur for both the woman and the fetus. The present study was conducted to assess the profile of varicella susceptibility in pregnant women in Apulia, a large region in Southern Italy, from 2016 to 2019. The data showed that pregnant women between the age of 15-24 and 40-49 years, the youngest and the oldest, respectively, are the most protected against varicella-zoster virus infection, exceeding the prevalence rate of 90%. Conversely, pregnant women between the age of 25 and 34 years seem to be the most vulnerable and the most at risk for acquiring varicella-zoster virus infection during pregnancy. Analysis of the immunity status against varicella should be introduced as a screening test before pregnancy, together with a strategic vaccination campaign targeting non-immune women of childbearing age, in order to reduce the risk of congenital and perinatal varicella.
水痘是一种由水痘-带状疱疹病毒引起的高度传染性疾病。严重并发症风险较高的人群包括免疫功能低下者、成年人、未免疫的孕妇和新生儿。根据妊娠时间，孕期感染水痘-带状疱疹病毒时，孕妇和胎儿都可能出现严重并发症。本研究旨在评估2016年至2019年意大利南部大区普利亚孕妇的水痘易感性情况。数据显示，年龄在15 - 24岁和40 - 49岁（分别为最年轻和最年长年龄段）的孕妇对水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染的抵抗力最强，患病率超过90%。相反，年龄在25至34岁之间的孕妇似乎最易感染，在孕期感染水痘-带状疱疹病毒的风险最高。应在孕前将水痘免疫状态分析作为一项筛查测试引入，并针对未免疫的育龄妇女开展战略疫苗接种活动，以降低先天性和围产期水痘的风险。
