Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2020 Aug;13(4):572-583. doi: 10.1007/s12265-019-09912-2. Epub 2020 May 12.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-strand covalently closed circular noncoding RNAs that are endogenous transcripts generated from linear precursor mRNA through a backsplicing mechanism. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, a number of circRNAs have been identified and proved to play key roles in various pathophysiological processes, such as metabolic diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. An increasing number of studies have shown that circRNAs are widely expressed in cardiac tissues and play important roles in the development of multiple cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review the current understanding of circRNA biogenesis and functions and the roles of circRNAs in cardiovascular diseases. We also highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. A better understanding of the biological function of circRNAs in cardiovascular diseases will be helpful for the development of effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
环状 RNA（circRNA）是一种单链共价闭合的环状非编码 RNA，是通过反式剪接机制从线性前体 mRNA 产生的内源性转录本。随着高通量测序技术的发展，已经鉴定出许多 circRNA，并证实它们在各种病理生理过程中发挥关键作用，如代谢疾病、癌症和心血管疾病。越来越多的研究表明，circRNA 在心脏组织中广泛表达，并在多种心血管疾病的发生发展中发挥重要作用。在这里，我们综述了 circRNA 生物发生和功能的最新认识，以及 circRNA 在心血管疾病中的作用。我们还强调了 circRNA 在心血管疾病发病机制中的作用的分子机制。更好地理解 circRNA 在心血管疾病中的生物学功能将有助于开发这些疾病的诊断和治疗的有效生物标志物。
