Witzel Christoph, Toscani Matteo
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2020 Apr 1;37(4):A202-A211. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.381311.
If we completely understand how a phenomenon works, we should be able to produce it ourselves. However, the individual differences in color appearance observed with #theDress seem to be a peculiarity of that photo, and it remains unclear how the proposed mechanisms underlying #theDress can be generalized to other images. Here, we developed a simple algorithm that transforms any image with bicolored objects into an image with the properties of #theDress. We measured the colors perceived in such images and compared them to those perceived in #theDress. Color adjustments confirmed that observers strongly differ in how they perceive the colors of the new images in a similar way as for #theDress. Most importantly, these differences were not unsystematic, but correlated with how observers perceive #theDress. These results imply that the color distribution is sufficient to produce the striking individual differences in color perception originally observed with #theDress-at least as long as the image appears realistic and hence compels the viewer to make assumptions about illuminations and surfaces. The algorithm can be used for stimulus production beyond this study.
如果我们完全理解一种现象是如何运作的，我们应该能够自己重现它。然而，#那条裙子所呈现出的颜色外观上的个体差异似乎是那张照片所特有的，目前尚不清楚#那条裙子背后所提出的机制如何能推广到其他图像上。在此，我们开发了一种简单算法，可将任何带有双色物体的图像转换为具有#那条裙子特征的图像。我们测量了这些图像中被感知到的颜色，并将其与#那条裙子中被感知到的颜色进行比较。颜色调整证实，观察者在感知新图像颜色的方式上存在很大差异，这与他们感知#那条裙子颜色的方式类似。最重要的是，这些差异并非无规律可循，而是与观察者对#那条裙子的感知方式相关。这些结果表明，颜色分布足以产生最初在#那条裙子上观察到的显著的个体颜色感知差异——至少只要图像看起来逼真，从而迫使观看者对光照和表面做出假设。该算法可用于本研究之外的刺激物制作。
