Leal Lisiane Freitas, Cousin Ewerton, Bidinotto Augusto Bacelo, Sganzerla Daniel, Borges Rogério Boff, Malta Deborah Carvalho, Ikuta Kevin, Pizzol Tatiane da Silva Dal
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2020;23:e200031. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720200031. Epub 2020 May 11.
In Brazil, little is known about the trends of chronic respiratory diseases, which was estimated as the third leading cause of deaths in 2017 worldwide.
We analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates for prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a summary measure of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and risk factors attributable to chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017.
The overall estimates have decreased for all ages and both sexes, and for age-standardized rates. For age-adjusted prevalence, there was a 21% reduction, and nearly 16% reduction for incidence. There was a 42% reduction in mortality for both sexes, though the rate of deaths for men was 30% greater than the rate in women. The increase in the number of DALY was essentially due to the population growth and population ageing. We observed a 34% increase in the absolute number of DALY in Brazil over the study period. The majority of the DALY rates were due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For all ages and both sexes, smoking was the main attributable risk factor.
In Brazil, although mortality, prevalence and incidence for chronic respiratory diseases have decreased over the years, attention should be taken to the DALYs increase. Smoking remained as the main risk factor, despite the significant decrease of tobacco use, reinforcing the need for maintenance of policies and programs directed at its cessation.
在巴西，人们对慢性呼吸道疾病的趋势了解甚少，据估计，慢性呼吸道疾病是2017年全球第三大死亡原因。
我们分析了1990年至2017年巴西慢性呼吸道疾病的全球疾病负担（GBD）2017年估计数据，包括患病率、发病率、死亡率、伤残调整生命年（DALY），这是衡量生命损失年数（YLLs）和伤残生存年数（YLDs）的综合指标，以及可归因于慢性呼吸道疾病的危险因素。
所有年龄段和性别的总体估计数以及年龄标准化率均有所下降。年龄调整后的患病率下降了21%，发病率下降了近16%。男女死亡率下降了42%，尽管男性死亡率比女性高30%。DALY数量的增加主要归因于人口增长和老龄化。在研究期间，巴西的DALY绝对数量增加了34%。大多数DALY率归因于慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）。对于所有年龄段和性别，吸烟是主要的可归因危险因素。
在巴西，尽管多年来慢性呼吸道疾病的死亡率、患病率和发病率有所下降，但应关注DALY的增加。尽管烟草使用量大幅下降，但吸烟仍然是主要危险因素，这强化了维持旨在戒烟的政策和计划的必要性。
