Corrêa Ricardo de Amorim, José Bruno Piassi de São, Malta Deborah Carvalho, Passos Valéria Maria de Azeredo, França Elisabeth Barboza, Teixeira Renato Azeredo, Camargos Paulo Augusto Moreira
Programas de Pós-graduação em Infectologia e Medicina Tropical e Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde do Adulto, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-infantil, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2017 May;20Suppl 01(Suppl 01):171-181. doi: 10.1590/1980-5497201700050014.
: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) present significant incidence and mortality in the world. This article presents the impact of LRTIs in the burden of disease, according to the metrics used in the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD 2015) for Brazil in 1990 and 2015.
: Analysis of estimates from the GBD 2015: years of life lost due to premature death (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost due to death or disability (DALYs = YLLs + YLDs).
: LRTIs were the third cause of mortality in Brazil in 1990 and 2015, with 63.5 and 47.0 deaths/100,000 people, respectively. Although the number of deaths increased 26.8%, there was a reduction of 25.5% in mortality rates standardized by age, with emphasis on children under 5 years of age. The disability indicators, as measured by the DALYs, demonstrate a progressive reduction of the disease burden by LRTIs.
: Despite the reduction in mortality rates in the period, LRTIs were an important cause of disability and still the third cause of death in Brazil in 2015. The increase in the number of deaths occurred due to the increase in population and its aging. The reduction in mortality rates accompanied the improvement of socioeconomic conditions, broader access to health care, national availability of antibiotics, and vaccination policies adopted in the country.
: Despite the current socioeconomic difficulties, there has been a progressive reduction of the LRTIs load effect in Brazil, mostly in mortality and disability, and among children under 5 years of age.
下呼吸道感染（LRTIs）在全球范围内具有较高的发病率和死亡率。本文根据全球疾病负担研究（GBD 2015）中使用的指标，呈现了1990年和2015年LRTIs对巴西疾病负担的影响。
对GBD 2015的估计值进行分析：因过早死亡导致的寿命损失年数（YLLs）、带病生存年数（YLDs）、因死亡或残疾导致的寿命损失年数（DALYs = YLLs + YLDs）。
LRTIs在1990年和2015年是巴西的第三大死亡原因，分别为每10万人中有63.5例和47.0例死亡。尽管死亡人数增加了26.8%，但按年龄标准化的死亡率下降了25.5%，其中5岁以下儿童尤为明显。以DALYs衡量的残疾指标显示，LRTIs导致的疾病负担在逐步减轻。
尽管在此期间死亡率有所下降，但LRTIs仍是导致残疾的重要原因，并且在2015年仍是巴西的第三大死亡原因。死亡人数的增加是由于人口增长及其老龄化。死亡率的下降伴随着社会经济状况的改善、医疗保健可及性的提高、全国范围内抗生素的供应以及该国采取的疫苗接种政策。
尽管目前存在社会经济困难，但巴西LRTIs的负荷效应已逐步减轻，主要体现在死亡率和残疾率方面，尤其是5岁以下儿童。
