Institute for Community Medicine, Department Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Germany.
BMC Pediatr. 2020 May 13;20(1):216. doi: 10.1186/s12887-020-02128-3.
Social skills are valid predictors for school readiness and subsequent school success. The federal state law for child day-care and preschools in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, a federal state in Germany, provides additional funds for the targeted and individualized promotion of social developmental delays for children in preschools in social hotspots. The law grants additional funds to eligible preschools, provided that each child's development is documented with a standardized, objective and valid screening instrument.
To monitor the development and to detect social developmental delays, the preschools involved use the "Dortmund Developmental Screening for Preschools" (DESK 3-6). For the prevalence and risk factors, data of 5595 children aged 3 to 6 years from these preschools were analyzed.
9.6% of the children show reasonable findings in their social development; for a further 6.1% the results were inconclusive. Sex, presence of chronic diseases or disabilities and reasonable findings in the domains motor development and language and cognition were risk factors in terms of social development across all age groups.
The federal state law is a good example for the implementation of a standardized monitoring of the development of children. With the help of this screening instrument, prevention activities to reduce the prevalence of developmental delays can be conducted in early childhood. Early preventive activities should take into account the reported risk factors for the social development.
German Clinical Trials Register, ID: DRKS00015134, Registered on 29 October 2018, retrospectively registered.
社交技能是学校适应和后续学业成功的有效预测指标。德国梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州的儿童日托和学前教育联邦州法律为社会热点地区的学前儿童提供了额外资金，用于有针对性和个性化地促进社会发展延迟。该法律为符合条件的幼儿园提供额外资金，但前提是每个孩子的发展都要通过标准化、客观和有效的筛查工具进行记录。
为了监测发展情况并发现社会发展延迟，参与的幼儿园使用“多特蒙德学前发展筛查”（DESK 3-6）。为了分析患病率和风险因素，对这些幼儿园的 5595 名 3 至 6 岁儿童的数据进行了分析。
9.6%的儿童在社会发展方面表现出合理的发现；另有 6.1%的结果不确定。在所有年龄组中，性别、存在慢性疾病或残疾以及在运动发展、语言和认知领域的合理发现是社会发展的风险因素。
该联邦州法律是实施儿童发展标准化监测的一个很好的例子。借助这种筛查工具，可以在幼儿期开展预防活动，以减少发育迟缓的患病率。早期预防活动应考虑到报告的社会发展风险因素。
德国临床试验注册中心，ID：DRKS00015134，于 2018 年 10 月 29 日注册，为回顾性注册。
