Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 May 15;69(19):575-581. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6919a2.
Perinatal depression is a complication of pregnancy that can result in adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Screening to identify pregnant and postpartum women with depressive symptoms is recommended to provide diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care to reduce poor outcomes.
CDC analyzed 2018 data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System to describe postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) among women with a recent live birth and to assess whether health care providers asked women about depression during prenatal and postpartum health care visits, by site and maternal and infant characteristics.
Among respondents from 31 sites, the prevalence of PDS was 13.2%, ranging from 9.7% in Illinois to 23.5% in Mississippi. The prevalence of PDS exceeded 20% among women who were aged ≤19 years, were American Indian/Alaska Native, smoked during or after pregnancy, experienced intimate partner violence before or during pregnancy, self-reported depression before or during pregnancy, or whose infant had died since birth. The prevalence of women reporting that a health care provider asked about depression during prenatal care visits was 79.1% overall, ranging from 51.3% in Puerto Rico to 90.7% in Alaska. The prevalence of women reporting that a provider asked about depression during postpartum visits was 87.4% overall, ranging from 50.7% in Puerto Rico to 96.2% in Vermont.
The prevalence of self-reported PDS varied by site and maternal and infant characteristics. Whether providers asked women about perinatal depression was not consistent across sites. Provision of recommended screenings and appropriate referrals for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care can ensure early and effective management of depression to reduce adverse maternal and infant outcomes.
围产期抑郁症是一种妊娠并发症，可导致母婴不良结局。建议对有抑郁症状的孕妇和产后妇女进行筛查，以提供诊断、治疗和随访护理，从而改善不良结局。
CDC 分析了 2018 年来自妊娠风险评估监测系统的数据，以描述近期分娩后妇女的产后抑郁症状（PDS），并评估医疗保健提供者在产前和产后保健就诊期间是否询问妇女抑郁问题，按地点和母婴特征进行评估。
在 31 个地点的受访者中，PDS 的患病率为 13.2%，从伊利诺伊州的 9.7%到密西西比州的 23.5%不等。在年龄≤19 岁、美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民、在怀孕期间或之后吸烟、在怀孕前或怀孕期间经历过亲密伴侣暴力、在怀孕前或怀孕期间自我报告抑郁、或其婴儿自出生以来死亡的妇女中，PDS 的患病率超过 20%。报告在产前保健就诊期间医疗保健提供者询问抑郁问题的妇女总体比例为 79.1%，从波多黎各的 51.3%到阿拉斯加的 90.7%不等。报告在产后就诊期间医疗保健提供者询问抑郁问题的妇女总体比例为 87.4%，从波多黎各的 50.7%到佛蒙特州的 96.2%不等。
自我报告的 PDS 患病率因地点和母婴特征而异。提供者是否询问妇女围产期抑郁问题在各地点并不一致。提供建议的筛查以及适当的转介，以进行诊断、治疗和随访护理，可以确保早期和有效管理抑郁，从而改善母婴不良结局。
