Tamakoshi Keigo, Hayao Keishi, Takahashi Hideaki
Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan; Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan; Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan.
Neuroscience. 2020 Jul 1;438:86-99. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.003. Epub 2020 May 11.
The present study examined the effect of early exercise on brain damage and recovery of motor function following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. Subjects were randomly assigned to no training after ICH (ICH), no training after sham surgery (SHAM), early treadmill exercise after ICH (ICH + ET), and late treadmill exercise after ICH (ICH + LT) groups. The ICH + ET and ICH + LT groups were trained for seven consecutive days starting on day 2 and day 9 after surgery, respectively. At post surgery day 16, the brain was surgically excised, and lesion volume, cortical thickness, neuronal number, dendritic length, and dendritic complexity were analyzed. Expression levels of IL-1b, TGF-b1, and IGF-1 mRNAs in ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex were measured by RT-PCR. The recovery of motor function in the ICH + ET group was the most accelerated. Cortical thickness and neuronal number were significantly higher in the ICH + ET group than the ICH and ICH + LT groups. The length and complexity of dendrites were also significantly greater in the ICH + ET group compared with the ICH and ICH + LT groups. Expression of IL-1b mRNA was significantly lower in the ICH + ET group than that in the ICH group. Collectively, these results suggest that early treadmill exercise after ICH promotes recovery of sensorimotor function by preventing neuronal death and ensuing cortical atrophy and by preserving dendritic structure compared with late treadmill exercise and no exercise. Early exercise may prevent neurodegeneration and functional loss by inhibiting neuroinflammation.
本研究考察了早期运动对大鼠脑出血（ICH）后脑损伤及运动功能恢复的影响。将实验对象随机分为脑出血后不训练组（ICH）、假手术后不训练组（SHAM）、脑出血后早期跑步机运动组（ICH + ET）和脑出血后晚期跑步机运动组（ICH + LT）。ICH + ET组和ICH + LT组分别在手术后第2天和第9天开始连续7天进行训练。在术后第16天，通过手术切除大脑，分析损伤体积、皮质厚度、神经元数量、树突长度和树突复杂性。采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测同侧感觉运动皮质中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）和胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）mRNA的表达水平。ICH + ET组运动功能恢复最快。ICH + ET组的皮质厚度和神经元数量显著高于ICH组和ICH + LT组。与ICH组和ICH + LT组相比，ICH + ET组树突的长度和复杂性也显著更大。ICH + ET组IL-1β mRNA的表达明显低于ICH组。总体而言，这些结果表明，与晚期跑步机运动和不运动相比，脑出血后早期跑步机运动通过防止神经元死亡、继而防止皮质萎缩以及保留树突结构来促进感觉运动功能的恢复。早期运动可能通过抑制神经炎症来预防神经退行性变和功能丧失。
