Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, 32005, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Aug 20;731:138341. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138341. Epub 2020 May 5.
Human exposure to environmental organic pollutants (OPs) begins in the uterine life period by trans-placental transfer. Epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated the vulnerability of human fetuses and infants to the effects of OPs because of their rapid growth and organ development, cell differentiation, and immaturity of metabolism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prenatal exposure to OPs characterized by different physicochemical properties using non-invasive biological samples (meconium and placenta). A total of 88 placenta and 53 meconium samples were collected in Ourense, a city located in northwestern Spain, at the delivery and after birth from mothers and their infants from the University Hospital of Ourense, respectively. Selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE) methodologies were used to determine the targeted OPs in the selected biological samples. Cleanup of extracts was performed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using EZ-POP cartridges and detection by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (QqQ-MS/MS). The targeted OPs were detected with the following mean level total concentration order polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) > organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) > non-dioxin like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDLPCBs) > pyrethroids (PYRs) > polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) > dioxin like polychlorinated biphenyls (DLPCBs) > organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) for placenta and ΣNDLPCBs > ΣPAHs > ΣOCPs > ΣPYRs > ΣOPPs > ΣDLPCBs > ΣPBDEs for meconium, respectively. Significant correlations (p < .050) between the socio-demographic characteristics of the selected population (mother's parity, age, weight increase during pregnancy, place of living and smoking habits) and log transformed concentration of some of the targeted OPs (OCPs, PBDEs, PYRs, OPPs and PAHs) were detected. The results obtained shown the complementary information given by both biological samples selected. Nevertheless, additional research will be needed to gain an understanding of the trans-placental transfer of OPs, to choose the best biological matrix to evaluate the prenatal exposure to OPs in a correct way and to know their health implications.
人类通过胎盘转移在子宫内生命期间开始接触环境有机污染物 (OPs)。流行病学研究一致表明，人类胎儿和婴儿由于其快速生长和器官发育、细胞分化以及代谢不成熟，容易受到 OPs 的影响。本研究旨在使用非侵入性生物样本（胎粪和胎盘）评估具有不同理化特性的产前 OPs 暴露情况。在西班牙西北部的 Ourense 市，我们从 Ourense 大学医院的母亲及其婴儿分娩后分别收集了 88 个胎盘和 53 个胎粪样本。采用选择性加压液体萃取（SPLE）方法测定选定生物样本中的目标 OPs。使用 EZ-POP 小柱进行提取净化，并用气相色谱（GC）-串联质谱（QqQ-MS/MS）进行检测。采用以下平均水平总浓度顺序检测目标 OPs：多环芳烃（PAHs）>有机磷农药（OPPs）>非二恶英类多氯联苯（NDLPCBs）>拟除虫菊酯（PYRs）>多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）>二恶英类多氯联苯（DLPCBs）>有机氯农药（OCPs），胎盘；ΣNDLPCBs>ΣPAHs>ΣOCPs>ΣPYRs>ΣOPPs>ΣDLPCBs>ΣPBDEs，胎粪。检测到所选人群（母亲的产次、年龄、孕期体重增加、居住地和吸烟习惯）的社会人口统计学特征与一些目标 OPs（OCPs、PBDEs、PYRs、OPPs 和 PAHs）的对数转换浓度之间存在显著相关性（p<.050）。获得的结果显示，所选两种生物样本提供了互补信息。然而，需要进一步研究以了解 OPs 的胎盘转移情况，选择最佳的生物基质来正确评估 OPs 的产前暴露情况，并了解其对健康的影响。
