The Institute of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
Department of Applied Sciences, Lusaka Apex Medical University, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 12;17(10):3355. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103355.
Increased antimicrobial resistance among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected individuals to commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of gastroenteritis is a public health concern, especially in resource-limited settings. We set out to compare the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates from HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals at a tertiary hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the University Teaching Hospital from May 2019 to August 2019. Stool samples were screened, and 79 HIV-infected individuals matched by age and sex with 84 HIV-uninfected individuals that presented with associated gastroenteritis were studied. Demographics were collected from the Laboratory Information System (LIS) and stool samples were collected in a sterile leak-proof container. Samples were cultured and only those where was isolated were included in the study and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. HIV-positive individuals were 3 times (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.17; 95% CI (1.51, 6.66); < 0.001) more likely to be resistant to quinolones compared with their HIV-negative counterparts. Similarly, HIV-positive individuals were almost 4 times (AOR = 3.97, 95% CI (1.37, 11.46); = 0.011) more likely to have multidrug-resistant compared with those who were HIV-negative. HIV infection was associated with reduced susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics, and most cases showed resistance.
在治疗肠胃炎时，常使用的抗生素对感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的个体的抗菌药物耐药性增加，这是一个公共卫生关注点，在资源有限的环境中尤为如此。我们旨在比较赞比亚卢萨卡一家三级医院中 HIV 感染者和 HIV 阴性个体分离出的 的抗菌药物敏感性模式。这是一项 2019 年 5 月至 8 月在大学教学医院进行的分析性横断面研究。对 HIV 感染者和 HIV 阴性个体的粪便样本进行了筛查，将 79 名年龄和性别与 84 名因肠胃炎就诊的 HIV 阴性个体相匹配的 HIV 感染者纳入研究。从实验室信息系统 (LIS) 中收集人口统计学信息，并在无菌防漏容器中收集粪便样本。对样本进行培养，仅对分离出 的样本进行研究，并采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散技术检测其对抗菌药物的敏感性。与 HIV 阴性个体相比，HIV 阳性个体对喹诺酮类药物的耐药性高出 3 倍（校正优势比 (AOR) = 3.17；95%置信区间 (CI) (1.51, 6.66)； < 0.001）。同样，与 HIV 阴性个体相比，HIV 阳性个体对多重耐药 的可能性高出近 4 倍（AOR = 3.97，95%CI (1.37, 11.46)； = 0.011）。HIV 感染与常用抗生素敏感性降低相关，大多数情况下都表现出耐药性。
