埃塞俄比亚南部 Hawassa 大学医院抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所的 HIV 感染者中常见肠杆菌科细菌病原体及其抗菌药物敏感性模式。
The common enteric bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among HIV-infected individuals attending the antiretroviral therapy clinic of Hawassa university hospital, southern Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Biology, Hawassa University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, P.O. Box - 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O. Box- 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2017 Dec 22;6:128. doi: 10.1186/s13756-017-0288-7. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
The frequent occurrence of bacterial gastroenteritis among HIV-infected individuals together with increased antimicrobial drug resistance pose a significant public health challenge in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among HIV-infected patients in a tertiary hospital in southern Ethiopia.
METHODS
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from February to May, 2016. A consecutive 215 HIV-infected patients, with complaints of gastrointestinal tract disease, were enrolled. Data on socio-demography and related factors was collected using a structured questionnaire. A stool sample was collected from each study participant and cultured to isolate enteric bacterial pathogens; isolates were characterized using biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion technique.
RESULTS
Out of 215 patients, 27(12.6%) were culture positive for various bacterial pathogens. species was the most common bacterial isolate (6.04%), followed by species (5.1%). The majority of isolates was sensitive to norfloxacin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin and showed resistance to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (SXT) and chloramphenicol. Consumption of raw food was the only risk factor found to be significantly associated with enteric bacterial infection (crude odds ratio 3.41 95% CI 1.13-10.3).
CONCLUSIONS
The observed rate of enteric bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance pattern to the commonly prescribed antibiotics highlights the need to strengthen intervention efforts and promote rational use of antimicrobials. In this regard, the need to strengthen antimicrobial stewardship efforts should be emphasized to slow grown antimicrobial resistance among this population group.
背景
在艾滋病毒感染者中，细菌性肠胃炎频繁发生，加上抗菌药物耐药性增加，这在发展中国家构成了重大的公共卫生挑战。本研究旨在确定在埃塞俄比亚南部一家三级医院的艾滋病毒感染者中肠道细菌病原体的流行情况及其对抗菌药物的敏感性模式。
方法
2016 年 2 月至 5 月，在 Hawassa 大学综合专科医院进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。共纳入了 215 名有胃肠道疾病症状的艾滋病毒感染者。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学和相关因素的数据。从每位研究参与者采集粪便样本进行培养，以分离肠道细菌病原体；使用生化试验对分离株进行特征描述。使用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散技术测定抗菌药物敏感性。
结果
在 215 名患者中，有 27 名（12.6%）培养出各种细菌病原体。 是最常见的细菌分离株（6.04%），其次是 （5.1%）。大多数分离株对诺氟沙星、萘啶酸、庆大霉素、头孢曲松和环丙沙星敏感，对磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶（SXT）和氯霉素耐药。食用生食物是唯一与肠道细菌感染显著相关的危险因素（未经校正的优势比 3.41，95%置信区间 1.13-10.3）。
结论
观察到肠道细菌病原体的发生率及其对常用抗生素的耐药模式，强调需要加强干预措施并促进抗菌药物的合理使用。在这方面，应强调加强抗菌药物管理工作，以减缓该人群中抗菌药物耐药性的增长。
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