Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Para-Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Jun 9;30(6):872-888. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.01.011. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
This study aimed to summarize earlier studies on the effects of dairy consumption on inflammatory biomarkers in adults and to quantify these effects through meta-analysis.
A comprehensive search of all relevant articles, published up to December 2019 indexed in PubMed, ISI (Institute for Scientific Information), EmBase, Scopus, and Google Scholar was done using relevant keywords. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of dairy products consumption, compared with low or no dairy intake, on inflammatory biomarkers in adults were included. Overall, 11 RCTs with 663 participants were included in this meta-analysis. We found that high consumption of dairy products, compared with low or no dairy intake, might significantly reduce CRP [weighed mean difference (WMD): -0.24 mg/L; 95% CI, -0.35, -0.14], TNF-α (WMD:- 0.66 pg/mL; 95% CI, -1.23, -0.09), IL-6 (WMD: -0.74 pg/mL; 95% CI, -1.36, -0.12), and MCP concentrations (WMD: -25.58 pg/mL; 95% CI, -50.31, -0.86). However, when the analyses were confined to cross-over trials, no such beneficial effects of dairy intake on inflammation were observed. In addition, high dairy intake might result in increased adiponectin levels (WMD: 2.42 μg/mL; 95% CI, 0.17, 4.66). No significant effect of dairy consumption on serum leptin (WMD: -0.32 ng/mL; 95% CI, -3.30, 2.65), ICAM-1 (WMD: -3.38 ng/ml; 95% CI, -15.57, 8.96) and VCAM-1 (WMD: 3.1 ng/mL; 95% CI, -21.38, 27.58) levels was observed.
In summary, the current meta-analysis indicated that dairy intake might improve several inflammatory biomarkers in adults. In most subgroups without heterogeneity, effects tended to be null. Study design and participants' age were the main sources of heterogeneity. More research, with a particular focus on fat content of dairy foods, is recommended.
本研究旨在总结乳制品摄入对成年人炎症生物标志物影响的相关研究，并通过荟萃分析量化这些影响。
使用相关关键词，全面检索了截止至 2019 年 12 月，在 PubMed、ISI（科学信息研究所）、Embase、Scopus 和 Google Scholar 中收录的所有相关文章。纳入了比较乳制品摄入与低乳制品或无乳制品摄入对成年人炎症生物标志物影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。本荟萃分析共纳入 11 项 RCT，共计 663 名参与者。我们发现，与低乳制品或无乳制品摄入相比，高乳制品摄入可能显著降低 CRP[加权均数差（WMD）：-0.24mg/L；95%CI：-0.35，-0.14]、TNF-α（WMD：-0.66pg/mL；95%CI：-1.23，-0.09）、IL-6（WMD：-0.74pg/mL；95%CI：-1.36，-0.12）和 MCP 浓度（WMD：-25.58pg/mL；95%CI：-50.31，-0.86）。然而，当分析仅限于交叉试验时，并未观察到乳制品摄入对炎症有这种有益影响。此外，高乳制品摄入可能导致脂联素水平升高（WMD：2.42μg/mL；95%CI：0.17，4.66）。乳制品摄入对血清瘦素（WMD：-0.32ng/mL；95%CI：-3.30，2.65）、ICAM-1（WMD：-3.38ng/ml；95%CI：-15.57，8.96）和 VCAM-1（WMD：3.1ng/mL；95%CI：-21.38，27.58）水平无显著影响。
综上所述，本荟萃分析表明，乳制品摄入可能改善成年人的多项炎症生物标志物。在大多数无异质性的亚组中，效果倾向于无效。研究设计和参与者的年龄是异质性的主要来源。建议开展更多的研究，特别是关注乳制品中脂肪含量的研究。
