Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and NAFLD: A Cross-Sectional Study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

The aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Study data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the association between DII and NAFLD. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to investigate the non-linear association between DII and NAFLD. A total of 8708 people were included, with no age limit. In fully adjusted multiple regression models, DII < 0 was associated with fewer incident NAFLD events compared with DII ≥ 0. In the RCS model, there was a positive nonlinear relationship between DII and NAFLD. In addition, the main positive association between DII and NAFLD was found in participants aged ≥60 years and who were white females. A proinflammatory diet is associated with the development of NAFLD, and we recommend improving diet to reduce the risk of developing liver disease, especially NAFLD.