Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, Vicosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2020 Sep;51(3):1009-1020. doi: 10.1007/s42770-020-00289-y. Epub 2020 May 14.
Phytic acid stores 60-90% of the inorganic phosphorus in legumes, oil seeds, and cereals, making it inaccessible for metabolic processes in living systems. In addition, given its negative charge, phytic acid complexes with divalent cations, starch, and proteins. Inorganic phosphorous can be released from phytic acid upon the action of phytases. Phytases are phosphatases produced by animals, plants, and microorganisms, notably Aspergillus niger, and are employed as animal feed additive, in chemical industry and for ethanol production. Given the industrial relevance of phytases produced by filamentous fungi, this work discusses the functional characterization of fungal phytase-coding genes/proteins, highlighting the physicochemical parameters that govern the enzymatic activity, the development of phytase super-producing strains, and key features for industrial applications.
植酸在豆类、油籽和谷物中储存了 60-90%的无机磷，使其无法被生物体内的代谢过程利用。此外，由于其带负电荷，植酸与二价阳离子、淀粉和蛋白质形成复合物。植酸在植酸酶的作用下可以释放出无机磷。植酸酶是动物、植物和微生物（尤其是黑曲霉）产生的磷酸酶，被用作动物饲料添加剂、在化学工业和乙醇生产中。鉴于丝状真菌产生的植酸酶具有工业相关性，这项工作讨论了真菌植酸酶编码基因/蛋白的功能特征，重点介绍了控制酶活性的理化参数、植酸超产生菌株的开发以及工业应用的关键特征。
