Kwadzokpui Precious Kwablah, Akorsu Elliot Elikplim, Abaka-Yawson Albert, Quarshie Solomon Sosu, Amankwah Stephen Adomako, Tawiah Philip Apraku
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
Int J Hepatol. 2020 Apr 27;2020:7965146. doi: 10.1155/2020/7965146. eCollection 2020.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been suggested to play a role in various adverse birth outcomes. The study determined the prevalence as well as knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in the Ningo-Prampram District of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.
A cross-sectional study using simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 213 pregnant women receiving antenatal care in three different health facilities (Prampram Polyclinic (PPC), Dangme Community Hospital (DCH), and Old Ningo Health Center (ONHC)) in the Ningo-Prampram District of Ghana from November 2018 to January 2019. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data which included participants' HBsAg test results, sociodemographic and gynaecological characteristics, and their level of knowledge on HBV infection. Knowledge of the participants on HBV infection was classified as either excellent, good, or poor based on their cumulative percentage scores from the questionnaire according to Al Rubaish system of classification.
Overall low-intermediate prevalence of HBV infection was 3.3%; however, PPC recorded the highest prevalence of 4.0% while DCH and ONHC recorded 2.82% and 2.50%, respectively. Statistically significant association was observed between HBV infection and the health facility. Majority (77.40%) of the study participants had poor knowledge on HBV infection while only 14 (6.57%) had excellent knowledge on HBV. Regarding excellent knowledge, 8 (11.0%) among the participants were demonstrated by the majority of those who received antenatal care from DCH. Generally, knowledge on HBV and the infection was poor among the study participants. Knowledge on HBV infection was found to be associated with residential status ( = 0.006), educational level ( < 0.001), occupation ( < 0.001), and gestational period ( < 0.001). Participant's knowledge was also significantly associated with the health facility ( = 0.027).
HBV infection among pregnant women is prevalent in the Ningo-Prampram District even though the prevalence is not very high. The majority of pregnant women in the Ningo-Prampram District inadequate knowledge on HBV infection and it mode of transmission. Intensive public health education on the HBV infection is required in the district to help prevent and manage future transmissions as well as inform the population about the negative side effects of the virus and the need to prevent it by way of vaccination.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染被认为与各种不良分娩结局有关。本研究确定了加纳大阿克拉地区宁戈-普拉姆普拉姆区孕妇中HBV感染的患病率以及相关知识。
采用简单随机抽样技术进行横断面研究，于2018年11月至2019年1月在加纳宁戈-普拉姆普拉姆区的三个不同卫生机构（普拉姆普拉姆综合诊所（PPC）、丹格梅社区医院（DCH）和旧宁戈健康中心（ONHC））招募了213名接受产前护理的孕妇。使用半结构化问卷收集数据，包括参与者的HBsAg检测结果、社会人口学和妇科特征以及她们对HBV感染的了解程度。根据阿尔·鲁拜什分类系统，根据问卷中的累积百分比得分，将参与者对HBV感染的了解程度分为优秀、良好或较差。
HBV感染的总体中低患病率为3.3%；然而，PPC的患病率最高，为4.0%，而DCH和ONHC的患病率分别为2.82%和2.50%。观察到HBV感染与卫生机构之间存在统计学上的显著关联。大多数（77.40%）研究参与者对HBV感染的了解较差，而只有14人（6.57%）对HBV有优秀的了解。在优秀了解方面，大多数从DCH接受产前护理的参与者中有8人（11.0%）表现出这种情况。总体而言，研究参与者对HBV及其感染的了解较差。发现对HBV感染的了解与居住状况（P = 0.006）、教育水平（P < 0.001）、职业（P < 0.001）和妊娠期（P < 0.001）有关。参与者的了解也与卫生机构显著相关（P = 0.027）。
宁戈-普拉姆普拉姆区孕妇中的HBV感染很普遍，尽管患病率不是很高。宁戈-普拉姆普拉姆区的大多数孕妇对HBV感染及其传播方式了解不足。该地区需要加强关于HBV感染的公共卫生教育，以帮助预防和管理未来的传播，并告知人们该病毒的负面影响以及通过接种疫苗预防的必要性。
