Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2020 Sep;23(5):296-301. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000665.
To summarize recent advances in our understanding of mammalian erythritol metabolism and its use as a predictive biomarker of cardiometabolic disease risk.
Elevated serum erythritol predicts future central adiposity gain and type 2 diabetes mellitus in healthy adults. Erythritol is a newly recognized human metabolic product of glucose, synthesized through the pentose phosphate pathway. The final conversion of this metabolic pathway is catalyzed by the enzymes sorbitol dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase 1. Erythritol is also a well characterized nonnutritive sweetener. Recent studies show that dietary erythritol can be metabolized to erythrose or erythronate in humans before excretion.
Elevated serum erythritol predicts risk for cardiometabolic disease, but more research is required to maximize its utility as a biomarker, including characterizing the determinants of endogenous erythritol synthesis from glucose. New insights into dietary erythritol metabolism also highlight the need to evaluate the effects of long-term erythritol consumption.
总结哺乳动物赤藓糖醇代谢及其作为预测心血管代谢疾病风险的生物标志物的最新进展。
健康成年人血清赤藓糖醇水平升高可预测未来中心性肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的发生。赤藓糖醇是葡萄糖的一种新的人类代谢产物，通过戊糖磷酸途径合成。该代谢途径的最终转化由山梨醇脱氢酶和醇脱氢酶 1 催化。赤藓糖醇也是一种被广泛研究的非营养性甜味剂。最近的研究表明，饮食中的赤藓糖醇在排泄前可在人体内转化为赤藓糖或赤藓酮酸盐。
血清赤藓糖醇水平升高可预测心血管代谢疾病风险，但需要更多的研究来最大程度地发挥其作为生物标志物的作用，包括确定葡萄糖内源性赤藓糖醇合成的决定因素。对饮食中赤藓糖醇代谢的新认识也强调了需要评估长期赤藓糖醇消耗的影响。
