自闭症与就业:对雇主和自闭症成人的影响。
Autism and Employment: Implications for Employers and Adults with ASD.
机构信息
Yale University, 115 Central Park West, Apt 30C, New York, NY, 10023, USA.
出版信息
J Autism Dev Disord. 2020 Nov;50(11):4209-4217. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04537-w.
A small but growing body of research has been conducted on vocational outcomes for adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); however, limited resources have been directed towards understanding outcomes for competitive employers. While ASD does present with a range of social communication and adaptive behavior deficits, adults on the spectrum may be extremely efficient, trustworthy, reliable, and cost-effective employees. Nevertheless, fewer than half of young adults with ASD maintain a job. Many businesses are unwilling to hire these capable candidates, concerned among other things about an increase in supervision costs and a decrease in productivity. This is a bias based on misperceptions; the financial and social benefits of hiring adults with ASD, for businesses and the individual, often outweigh the costs.
尽管自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患者在社会沟通和适应行为方面存在一系列缺陷,但他们中的许多人可能是非常高效、值得信赖、可靠且具有成本效益的员工。然而,只有不到一半的 ASD 年轻成年人能够维持一份工作。许多企业不愿意雇佣这些有能力的候选人,他们担心的问题包括监督成本增加和生产力下降等。这种偏见是基于误解产生的;对于企业和个人来说,雇佣 ASD 成年人的经济和社会效益往往超过成本。
目前针对 ASD 成年人职业成果的研究虽然规模较小,但一直在不断增加;然而,用于了解竞争雇主成果的资源却十分有限。