Department of Public and Environmental Health School of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The University of the Gambia , Brikama, The Gambia.
Department of Nursing and Reproductive Health School of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The University of the Gambia , Banjul, The Gambia.
Women Health. 2020 Sep;60(8):912-928. doi: 10.1080/03630242.2020.1767264. Epub 2020 May 18.
Although intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, studies that investigated factors associated with IPV among Gambian women are limited. In this study, we examined the prevalence and factors associated with the different forms of IPV against Gambian women. We used a sample of 3,116 currently married women age (15 ~ 49 years) from The Gambia Demographic and Health Survey 2013. Logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with Physical Violence (PV), Sexual Violence (SV), and Emotional Violence (EV). Over 40% (n = 1,248) of women reported at least one form of IPV. The prevalence of PV, SV and EV was 20.6%, 4.3%, and 15.1% respectively. Women married at age 18 ~ 24 (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 1.55), lived with 3 ~ 4 (aOR = 1.69; aOR = 2.10) and ≥5 (aOR = 1.77; aOR = 2.64) children, witnessed parental violence (aOR = 1.66; aOR = 2.75; aOR = 2.25), partner's primary education (aOR = 1.76), accused of unfaithfulness (aOR = 2.42; aOR = 3.62; aOR4.10), and partner's alcohol consumption (aOR = 2.56; OR = 3.91; aOR = 2.82) are more likely to report IPV. Conversely, women who lived in Kerewan area (aOR = 0.43; aOR = 0.38; aOR = 0.50), had high income (aOR = 0.65), Wolof (aOR = 0.68) and Jola (aOR = 0.65) ethnicity and unemployed (aOR = 0.59; aOR = 0.56) were less likely to report IPV. Interventions to prevent IPV should focus on education on its effects, and programs that reject sociocultural practices as determinants of IPV.
尽管撒哈拉以南非洲地区普遍存在针对妇女的亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）行为，但针对冈比亚妇女的 IPV 相关因素的研究却很有限。在这项研究中，我们调查了冈比亚妇女遭受不同形式 IPV 的流行情况和相关因素。我们使用了 2013 年冈比亚人口与健康调查中 3116 名目前已婚的 15 至 49 岁的妇女的样本。使用逻辑回归模型来研究与身体暴力（PV）、性暴力（SV）和情感暴力（EV）相关的因素。超过 40%（n=1248）的女性报告了至少一种形式的 IPV。PV、SV 和 EV 的发生率分别为 20.6%、4.3%和 15.1%。18-24 岁（调整后的优势比 [aOR] = 1.55）、与 3-4 个（aOR = 1.69；aOR = 2.10）和≥5 个（aOR = 1.77；aOR = 2.64）孩子一起生活、目睹父母暴力（aOR = 1.66；aOR = 2.75；aOR = 2.25）、伴侣接受过小学教育（aOR = 1.76）、被指控不忠（aOR = 2.42；aOR = 3.62；aOR = 4.10）以及伴侣饮酒（aOR = 2.56；aOR = 3.91；aOR = 2.82）的妇女更有可能报告 IPV。相反，居住在卡里翁地区（aOR = 0.43；aOR = 0.38；aOR = 0.50）、收入较高（aOR = 0.65）、沃洛夫语（aOR = 0.68）和若拉语（aOR = 0.65）和失业（aOR = 0.59；aOR = 0.56）的妇女报告 IPV 的可能性较小。预防 IPV 的干预措施应侧重于对其影响的教育，并拒绝将社会文化习俗作为 IPV 的决定因素的方案。
