Dzudie Anastase, Dzekem Bonaventure Suiru, Ojji Dike B, Kengne Andre Pascal, Mocumbi Ana Olga, Sliwa Karen, Thienemann Friedrich
Departments of Internal Medicine and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.
Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2020 Apr;10(2):316-324. doi: 10.21037/cdt.2019.07.06.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating, progressive disease with increasingly debilitating symptoms and usually shortened overall life expectancy. This article reviews the global epidemiology of PH with focus on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and sub-Sahara African in particular. Although left ventricular heart disease is the most common cause globally, the main contributing risk factors in LMICs are chronic infectious diseases especially human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and schistosomiasis. Other important risk factors of PH are rheumatic heart disease, untreated congenital heart disease (CHD), and sickle cell disease. Despite existing epidemiological data of PH risk factors suggesting a high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the available literature is limited. International registries in LMICs like the pan African pulmonary hypertension cohort (PAPUCO) study are essential to provide information about the causes, treatment, outcome, and the natural course of PH in Africa and other parts of the world. In addition, there is a need to track diagnostic and management practices in order to develop suitable algorithms to diagnose PH in LMICs.
肺动脉高压（PH）是一种具有破坏性的进行性疾病，症状日益使人衰弱，总体预期寿命通常缩短。本文回顾了PH的全球流行病学，重点关注低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs），特别是撒哈拉以南非洲地区。虽然左心室心脏病是全球最常见的病因，但LMICs中的主要促成风险因素是慢性传染病，尤其是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和血吸虫病。PH的其他重要风险因素包括风湿性心脏病、未经治疗的先天性心脏病（CHD）和镰状细胞病。尽管现有的关于PH风险因素的流行病学数据表明撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）的患病率很高，但可用文献有限。像泛非肺动脉高压队列（PAPUCO）研究这样的LMICs国际注册对于提供有关非洲和世界其他地区PH的病因、治疗、结果和自然病程的信息至关重要。此外，有必要跟踪诊断和管理实践，以便开发适合LMICs的PH诊断算法。
