Institute of Research in Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical and Technological Sciences, Cuyo Catholic University, San Juan, Argentina.
Maimónides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Life Sci. 2020 Aug 1;254:117808. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117808. Epub 2020 May 15.
COVID-19 pandemic has a high mortality rate and is affecting practically the entire world population. The leading cause of death is severe acute respiratory syndrome as a consequence of exacerbated inflammatory response accompanied by uncontrolled oxidative stress as well as the inflammatory reaction at the lung level. Until now, there is not a specific and definitive treatment for this pathology that worries the world population, especially the older adults who constitute the main risk group. In this context, it results in a particular interest in the evaluation of the efficacy of existing pharmacological agents that may be used for overcoming or attenuating the severity of this pulmonary complication that has ended the lives of many people worldwide. Vitamin D and melatonin could be good options for achieving this aim, taking into account that they have many shared underlying mechanisms that are able to modulate and control the immune adequately and oxidative response against COVID-19 infection, possibly even through a synergistic interaction. The renin-angiotensin system exaltation with consequent inflammatory response has a leading role in the physiopathology of COVID-19 infection; and it may be down-regulated by vitamin D and melatonin in many organs. Therefore, it is also essential to analyze this potential therapeutic association and their relation with RAS as part of this new approach.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）大流行死亡率高，几乎影响到全球所有人口。其主要死亡原因是严重急性呼吸系统综合征，这是炎症反应加剧伴氧化应激失控以及肺部炎症反应的结果。到目前为止，对于这种令世界人口担忧的疾病，还没有一种特定的、明确的治疗方法，尤其是构成主要风险群体的老年人。在这种情况下，评估现有药物的疗效引起了人们的特别关注，这些药物可能有助于克服或减轻这种已导致全球许多人死亡的肺部并发症的严重程度。考虑到维生素 D 和褪黑素具有许多共同的潜在机制，能够充分调节和控制对 COVID-19 感染的免疫和氧化反应，因此它们可能是实现这一目标的不错选择，甚至可能通过协同作用。肾素-血管紧张素系统（renin-angiotensin system）的激活导致炎症反应，在 COVID-19 感染的病理生理学中起着主导作用；维生素 D 和褪黑素可以在许多器官中下调它。因此，分析这种潜在的治疗联合用药及其与 RAS 的关系也是这一新方法的重要内容。
