Nair Saranya, Farzan Abdolvahab, Weese J Scott, Poljak Zvonimir, Friendship Robert M
1Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario Canada.
2Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario Canada.
Porcine Health Manag. 2020 May 12;6:14. doi: 10.1186/s40813-020-00151-5. eCollection 2020.
The heightened prevalence of Typhimurium remains a public health and food safety concern. Studies have reported antibiotic, flavophospholipol, may have the ability to reduce in swine, as well as alter the gut microbiota in favour of beneficial bacteria by inhibiting pathogenic bacteria. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the fecal microbiota of weaned pigs receiving in-feed flavophospholipol and challenged with Typhimurium.
Twenty-one weaned pigs were fed either a diet containing 4 ppm of flavophospholipol (treatment group) or a non-medicated feed (control group) for 36 days post-weaning (Day 1 to Day 36). The pigs were orally challenged with a 2 mL dose of 10 CFU/mL of Typhimurium at Day 7 and Day 8. Community bacterial DNA extracted from fecal samples collected at Day 6 (before challenge) and Day 36 (28 days after challenge) were used to assess the fecal microbiota using the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene with Illumina MiSeq next-generation sequencing. Sequencing data were visualized using mothur and analyzed in JMP and R software. The fecal microbiota of pigs in the treatment group had differences in abundance of phyla (Firmicutes, Proteobacteria) and genera (, unclassified Ruminococcaceae, , , , , , , unclassified Firmicutes, IV and when compared to pigs that were controls, 28 days after challenge with ( < 0.05). Specifically, results demonstrated a significant increase in phylum Proteobacteria ( 0.001) and decrease in Firmicutes ( = 0.012) and genus ( = 0.003) in the treated pigs suggestive of possible microbial dysbiosis. An increased abundance of genera ( = 0.012) was also noted in the treated group in comparison to the control.
Based on these findings, it is difficult to conclude whether treatment with 4 ppm of flavophospholipol is promoting favorable indigenous bacteria in the pig microbiota as previous literature has suggested.
鼠伤寒沙门氏菌患病率的升高仍然是一个公共卫生和食品安全问题。研究报告称，抗生素黄霉素可能有能力减少猪体内的（某种情况未明确），以及通过抑制病原菌来改变肠道微生物群，使其有利于有益细菌生长。因此，本研究的目的是调查在饲料中添加黄霉素并受到鼠伤寒沙门氏菌攻击的断奶仔猪的粪便微生物群。
21头断奶仔猪在断奶后36天（第1天至第36天），要么喂食含有4 ppm黄霉素的日粮（治疗组），要么喂食非药物饲料（对照组）。在第7天和第8天，给仔猪口服2 mL剂量的每毫升含10⁸CFU的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。从第6天（攻击前）和第36天（攻击后28天）采集的粪便样本中提取的群落细菌DNA，用于通过16S rRNA基因的V4区域和Illumina MiSeq下一代测序来评估粪便微生物群。测序数据使用mothur进行可视化，并在JMP和R软件中进行分析。与对照组猪相比，在受到（未明确内容）攻击28天后，治疗组猪的粪便微生物群在门（厚壁菌门、变形菌门）和属（未分类的瘤胃球菌科、未分类的厚壁菌门IV等未明确属名）的丰度上存在差异（P < 0.05）。具体而言，结果表明，治疗组猪的变形菌门显著增加（P < 0.001），厚壁菌门减少（P = 0.012），（未明确属名）属减少（P = 0.003），这表明可能存在微生物失调。与对照组相比，治疗组中（未明确属名）属的丰度也有所增加（P = 0.012）。
基于这些发现，很难像以前的文献所表明的那样得出结论，即4 ppm的黄霉素治疗是否能促进猪微生物群中有利的本土细菌生长。
