At the Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan, Jun Kashiwazaki, DDS, is Research Scientist, Department of Infection Control; Kiwamu Nakamura, MD, is Associate Professor, Department of Infection Control; Yasuka Hara, MD, is Research Scientist, Department of Infection Control; Rie Harada, MMT, is Research Scientist, Department of Infection Control; Ikuo Wada, PhD, is Professor, Department of Cell Science, Institute of Biomedical Sciences; and Keiji Kanemitsu, MD, is Professor, Department of Infection Control. The authors have disclosed no financial relationships related to this article. Submitted April 10, 2019; accepted July 9, 2019.
Adv Skin Wound Care. 2020 Jun;33(6):313-318. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000658592.51430.ea.
To evaluate the cytotoxicity of various hand disinfectants and ozonated water to human keratinocytes using a cultured epidermal model.
Using a test protocol from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, investigators applied hand disinfectants containing either 83% ethanol, 0.2% benzalkonium chloride, 0.5% povidone-iodine, 1% chlorhexidine, 1% chlorhexidine ethanol, or ozonated water to a cultured human epidermal model. Surface morphology and histologic changes were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin staining.
Production of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1α by keratinocytes and cell death rate.
Electron microscopic analysis revealed the creation of small holes on the stratum corneum, and hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed perinuclear vacuolation of keratinocytes and cells with a condensed nucleus. Interleukin 1α was detected in the culture supernatants. More than 80% of keratinocytes did not survive after a 15-minute application of disinfectants. However, no significant damage was detected with ozonated water.
Ozonated water did far less damage to keratinocytes than the tested disinfectants. Although the ability of ozonated water to disinfect hands of medical staff members requires further study, it might serve as an alternative with minimum cytotoxicity.
使用培养的表皮模型评估各种手部消毒剂和臭氧水对人角质细胞的细胞毒性。
研究人员使用经济合作与发展组织的测试方案，将含有 83%乙醇、0.2%苯扎氯铵、0.5%聚维酮碘、1%洗必泰、1%洗必泰乙醇或臭氧水的手部消毒剂应用于培养的人类表皮模型。通过扫描电子显微镜和苏木精-伊红染色评估表面形态和组织学变化。
角质细胞产生的炎症细胞因子白细胞介素 1α和细胞死亡率。
电子显微镜分析显示在角质层上形成了小孔，苏木精-伊红染色显示核周空泡化和核浓缩的角质细胞。在培养上清液中检测到白细胞介素 1α。消毒剂应用 15 分钟后，超过 80%的角质细胞不能存活。然而，臭氧水没有检测到明显的损伤。
臭氧水对角质细胞的损伤远小于测试的消毒剂。尽管臭氧水对手部消毒医护人员的消毒能力需要进一步研究，但它可能是一种具有最小细胞毒性的替代方法。
