Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan.
Molecules. 2021 Sep 8;26(18):5465. doi: 10.3390/molecules26185465.
This study aimed to compare the SARS-CoV-2-inactivation activity and virucidal mechanisms of ozonated water (OW) with those of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) and 70% ethanol (EtOH). SARS-CoV-2-inactivation activity was evaluated in a virus solution containing 1%, 20% or 40% fetal bovine serum (FBS) with OW, SAEW or EtOH at a virus-to-test solution ratio of 1:9, 1:19 or 1:99 for a reaction time of 20 s. EtOH showed the strongest virucidal activity, followed by SAEW and OW. Even though EtOH potently inactivated the virus despite the 40% FBS concentration, virus inactivation by OW and SAEW decreased in proportion to the increase in FBS concentration. Nevertheless, OW and SAEW showed potent virucidal activity with 40% FBS at a virus-to-test solution ratio of 1:99. Real-time PCR targeting the viral genome revealed that cycle threshold values in the OW and SAEW groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, suggesting that OW and SAEW disrupted the viral genome. Western blotting analysis targeting the recombinant viral spike protein S1 subunit showed a change in the specific band into a ladder upon treatment with OW and SAEW. OW and SAEW may cause conformational changes in the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
本研究旨在比较臭氧水 (OW)、弱酸性电解水 (SAEW) 和 70%乙醇 (EtOH) 的 SARS-CoV-2 灭活活性和病毒杀灭机制。在含有 1%、20%或 40%胎牛血清 (FBS) 的病毒溶液中，用 OW、SAEW 或 EtOH 以病毒与测试溶液的比例为 1:9、1:19 或 1:99 进行反应 20 s，评估 SARS-CoV-2 的灭活活性。EtOH 表现出最强的病毒杀灭活性，其次是 SAEW 和 OW。尽管 EtOH 即使在 40% FBS 浓度下也能有效灭活病毒，但 OW 和 SAEW 的病毒灭活活性随着 FBS 浓度的增加而降低。尽管如此，OW 和 SAEW 在病毒与测试溶液的比例为 1:99 时仍表现出对 40% FBS 的强大病毒杀灭活性。针对病毒基因组的实时 PCR 显示，OW 和 SAEW 组的循环阈值显著高于对照组，表明 OW 和 SAEW 破坏了病毒基因组。针对重组病毒刺突蛋白 S1 亚单位的 Western blot 分析显示，OW 和 SAEW 处理后，特定条带变为梯状。OW 和 SAEW 可能导致 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白 S1 亚单位的构象发生变化。
