Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, Karnataka 571448, India.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India.
Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2020;15(2):90-101. doi: 10.2174/1574884714666191122103953.
Self-Medication (SM) is a practice of using medications to treat selfdiagnosed symptoms without a legitimate prescription by a health care professional. Alongside posing a burden on a patient, SM practices are associated with certain unfavourable health conditions such as drug-resistance, adverse effects, drug-interactions, including death.
To systematically review and quantify the prevalence of SM practices and its associated factors in India.
A comprehensive systematic search was performed using scientific databases such as PubMed and Cochrane library for the peer-reviewed research articles that were conducted in India without any language and date restrictions. Studies which were cross-sectional by design and assessing the prevalence and predictors of SM practices in India were considered for the review, and all the relevant articles were screened for their eligibility.
Of 248 articles, a total of 17 articles comprising of 10,248 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the mean prevalence of SM practices in India was observed to be 53.57%. Familiarity with the medication appears to be a major reason to practice SM (PR: 30.45; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 17.08-43.82; 6 studies), and the practice was noticed more among individuals from a middle-lower class family with a prevalence rate of 26.31 (95%CI: 2.02-50.60; P<0.0001). Minor ailments were the primary reason for practicing SM (PR: 42.46; 95%CI: 21.87- 63.06), among which headache was the most commonly reported (PR: 41.53; 95%CI: 18.05-65.02).
Self-medication practices are quite frequent in India. While NSAIDs and anti-allergens are the most frequently utilized self-medicated drugs used for headache and cold and cough.
自我用药（SM）是指患者在没有医疗专业人员合法处方的情况下，使用药物自行治疗自我诊断的症状。除了给患者带来负担外，自我用药行为还与某些不良健康状况有关，如耐药性、不良反应、药物相互作用，甚至包括死亡。
系统回顾和量化印度自我用药行为的流行情况及其相关因素。
使用科学数据库（如 PubMed 和 Cochrane 图书馆）进行全面的系统检索，检索了无语言和日期限制的在印度进行的同行评审研究文章。纳入了设计为横断面研究、评估印度自我用药行为的流行率和预测因素的研究，并对所有相关文章进行了筛选以评估其适用性。
在 248 篇文章中，共有 17 篇包含 10248 名参与者的文章被纳入荟萃分析。总体而言，印度自我用药行为的平均流行率为 53.57%。对药物的熟悉似乎是自我用药的主要原因（PR：30.45；95%置信区间[CI]：17.08-43.82；6 项研究），而且这种行为在中低收入家庭的个体中更为常见，流行率为 26.31（95%CI：2.02-50.60；P<0.0001）。小病是自我用药的主要原因（PR：42.46；95%CI：21.87-63.06），其中头痛是最常见的报告疾病（PR：41.53；95%CI：18.05-65.02）。
自我用药行为在印度相当普遍。非甾体抗炎药和抗变态反应原是最常被自我用药治疗头痛、感冒和咳嗽的药物。
