School of Pharmacy, National Center for Natural Products Research University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.
ElSohly Laboratories Inc., Oxford, MS, USA.
J Diet Suppl. 2020;17(5):599-607. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1766634. Epub 2020 May 20.
Products containing cannabidiol (CBD) are now available throughout the United States, but their quality is oftentimes questionable. The CBD and Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content of 25 commercially available hemp oil products, obtained throughout the state of Mississippi, was determined gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID). These products were also analyzed for the presence of synthetic cannabinoids using full scan gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Analytical findings were compared to label claims for CBD content. Product label claims for CBD ranged from no claim to 500mg per serving; however, marked variability was observed between actual CBD content and claimed quantities. Of the 25 products, only three were within ±20% of label claim. Fifteen were well below the stated claim for CBD; two exceed claims in excess of 50%; and 5 made no claims. In addition, THC content for three products exceeded the 0.3% legal limit. Furthermore, four products-primarily marketed for vaping-were adulterated with synthetic cannabinoids. From this small, but diverse, sampling of hemp-derived merchandise, it appears that most product label claims do not accurately reflect actual CBD content and are fraudulent in that regard. Moreover, products that exceed legal THC levels may jeopardize a consumer's employment status (i.e. failed "drug test"), while those adulterated with synthetic cannabinoids may subject them to serious adverse health effects. These findings argue strongly for further development of current good manufacturing practices for CBD-containing products and their stringent enforcement.
现在，全美国都可以买到含有大麻二酚 (CBD) 的产品，但这些产品的质量往往难以保证。我们采用气相色谱/火焰离子化检测法 (GC/FID) 测定了在密西西比州各地获得的 25 种市售大麻油产品的 CBD 和 Δ-四氢大麻酚 (THC) 含量。我们还使用全扫描气相色谱/质谱法 (GC/MS) 分析了这些产品中是否存在合成大麻素。分析结果与 CBD 含量的标签声称进行了比较。产品标签声称的 CBD 含量从无声称到每份 500mg 不等；然而，实际 CBD 含量与声称数量之间存在明显差异。在这 25 种产品中，只有 3 种产品的 CBD 含量在标签声称值的 ±20%范围内。15 种产品的 CBD 含量明显低于声称值；2 种产品的 CBD 含量超过声称值 50%；5 种产品没有声称 CBD 含量。此外，有 3 种产品的 THC 含量超过了 0.3%的法定限值。此外，有 4 种主要用于蒸气吸入的产品被合成大麻素掺假。从这一小部分但种类繁多的大麻衍生商品抽样中可以看出，大多数产品标签声称并没有准确反映实际的 CBD 含量，在这方面是欺诈性的。此外，超过法定 THC 水平的产品可能会危及消费者的就业状况（即“药物检测”失败），而那些被合成大麻素掺假的产品可能会使他们面临严重的健康不良影响。这些发现强烈呼吁进一步制定 CBD 含量产品的现行良好生产规范，并严格执行这些规范。
