State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Insect Sci. 2021 Jun;28(3):811-824. doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12820. Epub 2020 Jul 20.
The pea leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis, is an important pest species affecting ornamental crops worldwide. Plant damage consists of oviposition and feeding punctures created by female adult flies as well as larva-bored mines in leaf mesophyll tissues. How plants indirectly defend themselves from these two types of leafminer damage has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we compared the indirect defense responses of bean plants infested by either female adults or larvae. Puncturing of leaves by adults released green leaf volatiles and terpenoids, while larval feeding caused plants to additionally emit methyl salicylate and (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (TMTT). Puncturing of plants by female adults induced increases in jasmonic acid (JA) and JA-related gene expressions but reduced the expressions of salicylic acid (SA)-related genes. In contrast, JA and SA and their-related gene expression levels were increased significantly by larval feeding. The exogenous application of JA+SA significantly triggered TMTT emission, thereby significantly inducing the orientation behavior of parasitoids. Our study has confirmed that larval feeding can trigger TMTT emission through the activation of both JA and SA pathways to attract parasitoids; however, TMTT alone is less attractive than the complete blend of volatiles released by infested plants.
豌豆潜叶蝇，Liriomyza huidobrensis，是一种影响全球观赏作物的重要害虫。植物损伤由雌性成虫产卵和取食造成的刺伤以及幼虫在叶肉组织中钻蛀的虫道组成。植物如何间接抵御这两种类型的潜叶蝇损害尚未得到充分研究。在这项研究中，我们比较了被雌性成虫或幼虫侵害的豆科植物的间接防御反应。成虫刺穿叶片会释放出绿叶挥发物和萜烯，而幼虫取食则会导致植物额外释放出甲基水杨酸酯和（E，E）-4,8,12-三甲基-1,3,7,11-十三碳四烯（TMTT）。雌性成虫刺穿植物会导致茉莉酸（JA）和 JA 相关基因表达增加，但会降低水杨酸（SA）相关基因的表达。相比之下，幼虫取食会显著增加 JA 和 SA 及其相关基因的表达水平。外源施用 JA+SA 可显著触发 TMTT 释放，从而显著诱导寄生蜂的定向行为。我们的研究证实，幼虫取食可以通过激活 JA 和 SA 途径来触发 TMTT 释放，以吸引寄生蜂；然而，与受感染植物释放的完整挥发物混合物相比，TMTT 本身的吸引力较小。
