Liu Yihang, Liu Qingzhou, Jian Cheng, Cui Dingzhou, Chen Mingrui, Li Zhen, Li Teng, Nilges Tom, He Kai, Jia Zheng, Zhou Chongwu
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA.
Nat Commun. 2020 May 20;11(1):2520. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16077-z.
Red phosphorus offers a high theoretical sodium capacity and has been considered as a candidate anode for sodium-ion batteries. Similar to silicon anodes for lithium-ion batteries, the electrochemical performance of red phosphorus is plagued by the large volume variation upon sodiation. Here we perform in situ transmission electron microscopy analysis of the synthesized red-phosphorus-impregnated carbon nanofibers with the corresponding chemo-mechanical simulation, revealing that, the sodiated red phosphorus becomes softened with a "liquid-like" mechanical behaviour and gains superior malleability and deformability against pulverization. The encapsulation strategy of the synthesized red-phosphorus-impregnated carbon nanofibers has been proven to be an effective method to minimize the side reactions of red phosphorus in sodium-ion batteries, demonstrating stable electrochemical cycling. Our study provides a valid guide towards high-performance red-phosphorus-based anodes for sodium-ion batteries.
红磷具有较高的理论钠容量，被认为是钠离子电池的候选阳极材料。与锂离子电池的硅阳极类似，红磷的电化学性能受到钠化时体积变化较大的困扰。在此，我们对合成的红磷浸渍碳纳米纤维进行了原位透射电子显微镜分析，并进行了相应的化学力学模拟，结果表明，钠化后的红磷变得软化，具有“类液体”的力学行为，并且具有优异的延展性和抗粉碎变形能力。合成的红磷浸渍碳纳米纤维的封装策略已被证明是一种有效减少红磷在钠离子电池中副反应的方法，展现出稳定的电化学循环性能。我们的研究为高性能钠离子电池红磷基阳极提供了有效的指导。
