Ribba Tomas, Garrido-Vargas Fernanda, O'Brien José Antonio
Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas and Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.
J Exp Bot. 2020 Jun 26;71(13):3843-3853. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa241.
As sessile organisms, plants are exposed to multiple abiotic stresses commonly found in nature. To survive, plants have developed complex responses that involve genetic, epigenetic, cellular, and morphological modifications. Among different environmental cues, salt stress has emerged as a critical problem contributing to yield losses and marked reductions in crop production. Moreover, as the climate changes, it is expected that salt stress will have a significant impact on crop production in the agroindustry. On a mechanistic level, salt stress is known to be regulated by the crosstalk of many signaling molecules such as phytohormones, with auxin having been described as a key mediator of the process. Auxin plays an important role in plant developmental responses and stress, modulating a complex balance of biosynthesis, transport, and signaling that among other things, finely tune physiological changes in plant architecture and Na+ accumulation. In this review, we describe current knowledge on auxin's role in modulating the salt stress response. We also discuss recent and potential biotechnological approaches to tackling salt stress.
作为固着生物，植物会面临自然界中常见的多种非生物胁迫。为了生存，植物已经形成了复杂的反应，包括基因、表观遗传、细胞和形态学上的改变。在不同的环境信号中，盐胁迫已成为导致产量损失和作物产量显著下降的关键问题。此外，随着气候变化，预计盐胁迫将对农业产业的作物生产产生重大影响。在机制层面，已知盐胁迫受许多信号分子（如植物激素）的相互作用调控，生长素被描述为该过程的关键介质。生长素在植物发育反应和胁迫中起重要作用，调节生物合成、运输和信号传导的复杂平衡，其中包括精细调节植物结构和钠离子积累的生理变化。在这篇综述中，我们描述了目前关于生长素在调节盐胁迫反应中作用的知识。我们还讨论了应对盐胁迫的最新和潜在生物技术方法。
