Wan Xiangyuan, Wu Suowei, Li Ziwen, An Xueli, Tian Youhui
Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China.
Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China.
Mol Plant. 2020 Jul 6;13(7):955-983. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.05.009. Epub 2020 May 17.
Fatty acids and their derivatives are essential building blocks for anther cuticle and pollen wall formation. Disruption of lipid metabolism during anther and pollen development often leads to genic male sterility (GMS). To date, many lipid metabolism-related GMS genes that are involved in the formation of anther cuticle, pollen wall, and subcellular organelle membranes in anther wall layers have been identified and characterized. In this review, we summarize recent progress on characterizing lipid metabolism-related genes and their roles in male fertility and other aspects of reproductive development in plants. On the basis of cloned GMS genes controlling biosynthesis and transport of anther cutin, wax, sporopollenin, and tryphine in Arabidopsis, rice, and maize as well as other plant species, updated lipid metabolic networks underlying anther cuticle development and pollen wall formation were proposed. Through bioinformatics analysis of anther RNA-sequencing datasets from three maize inbred lines (Oh43, W23, and B73), a total of 125 novel lipid metabolism-related genes putatively involved in male fertility in maize were deduced. More, we discuss the pathways regulating lipid metabolism-related GMS genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Finally, we highlight recent findings on lipid metabolism-related genes and their roles in other aspects of plant reproductive development. A comprehensive understanding of lipid metabolism, genes involved, and their roles in plant reproductive development will facilitate the application of lipid metabolism-related genes in gene editing, haploid and callus induction, molecular breeding and hybrid seed production in crops.
脂肪酸及其衍生物是花药角质层和花粉壁形成的重要组成部分。花药和花粉发育过程中脂质代谢的紊乱通常会导致genic male sterility（GMS）。迄今为止，已经鉴定并表征了许多与脂质代谢相关的GMS基因，这些基因参与花药角质层、花粉壁以及花药壁层亚细胞器膜的形成。在本综述中，我们总结了在表征与脂质代谢相关的基因及其在植物雄性育性和生殖发育其他方面的作用方面的最新进展。基于在拟南芥、水稻、玉米以及其他植物物种中克隆的控制花药角质、蜡质、孢粉素和类脂体生物合成和转运的GMS基因，提出了花药角质层发育和花粉壁形成的更新脂质代谢网络。通过对三个玉米自交系（Oh43、W23和B73）花药RNA测序数据集的生物信息学分析，总共推导了125个可能参与玉米雄性育性的与脂质代谢相关的新基因。此外，我们讨论了在转录和转录后水平调节与脂质代谢相关的GMS基因的途径。最后，我们强调了关于与脂质代谢相关的基因及其在植物生殖发育其他方面的作用的最新发现。全面了解脂质代谢、相关基因及其在植物生殖发育中的作用将有助于脂质代谢相关基因在作物基因编辑、单倍体和愈伤组织诱导、分子育种和杂交种子生产中的应用。
