Bó Gabriel A, Cedeño Andrés, Mapletoft Reuben J
Instituto de Reproducción Animal Córdoba (IRAC), Zona Rural General Paz, (5145) Córdoba, Argentina.
Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Villa del Rosario, Córdoba, Argentina.
Anim Reprod. 2019 Oct 23;16(3):411-422. doi: 10.21451/1984-3143-AR2019-0042.
Knowledge of follicular wave dynamics obtained through the use of real-time ultrasonography and the development of the means by which follicular wave dynamics can be controlled have provided practical approaches for the and production and transfer of embryos in cattle. The elective control of follicular wave emergence and ovulation has had a great impact on the application of on-farm embryo transfer, especially when large groups of donors need to be superstimulated at the same time. Although estradiol and progestins have been used for many years, practitioners in countries where estradiol cannot be used have turned to alternative treatments, such as mechanical follicle ablation or the administration of GnRH for the synchronization of follicle wave emergence. embryo production also benefits from the synchronization of follicle wave emergence prior to Cumulus Oocyte Complexes (COCs) recovery. As cattle have high antral follicle population, large numbers of oocytes can be obtained by ovum pick-up (OPU) without superstimulation. However, synchronization of follicular wave emergence and superstimulation is necessary to obtain high numbers of COCs by OPU and blastocysts following fertilization in donors. Finally, embryos can now be transferred in commercial beef or dairy herds using efficacious synchronization and re-synchronization protocols that are easily implemented by farm personnel. These technologies can also be used to resolve reproductive problems such as the reduced fertility observed during summer heat stress and/or in repeat-breeder cows in commercial dairy herds.
通过实时超声检查获得的卵泡波动力学知识以及卵泡波动力学控制方法的发展，为牛胚胎的生产和移植提供了实用方法。卵泡波出现和排卵的选择性控制对农场胚胎移植的应用产生了重大影响，尤其是在需要同时对大量供体进行超刺激时。尽管雌二醇和孕激素已使用多年，但在不能使用雌二醇的国家，从业者已转向替代治疗方法，如机械性卵泡消融或注射促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）来同步卵泡波出现。在采集卵丘卵母细胞复合体（COC）之前同步卵泡波出现，胚胎生产也会从中受益。由于肉牛有大量的腔前卵泡，通过采卵（OPU）无需超刺激就能获得大量卵母细胞。然而，在肉牛供体中，通过OPU获得大量COC并在体外受精后获得大量囊胚，卵泡波出现的同步化和超刺激是必要的。最后，现在可以使用农场工作人员易于实施的有效同步和再同步方案，在商业肉牛或奶牛群中移植胚胎。这些技术还可用于解决繁殖问题，如在夏季热应激期间观察到的生育力下降和/或商业奶牛群中屡配不孕奶牛的问题。
