Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, 563006, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
Center for Injury Research and Policy & Center for Pediatric Trauma Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2021 Mar;133(5-6):194-201. doi: 10.1007/s00508-020-01676-z. Epub 2020 May 20.
Burns are a common type of injury in children worldwide, which cause a large number of casualties each year. This study aimed to explore the clinical epidemiological characteristics and assess the prognosis affecting factors of hospitalized children with burns using multimethods.
This was a cross-sectional study of pediatric burns in southwest China. Demographic characteristics and mechanism of burns were surveyed and clinical data, the length of hospital stay (LOS) and outcome were extracted from the medical records. The prognosis affecting factors of burns were analyzed by both logistic regression and path analysis.
A total of 111 children with burns were surveyed (63.06% males). The median age was 2.08 years (interquartile range, IQR 1.25-3.75), and most patients (69.37%) were under 3 years old. Hot liquid was the major etiology (79.28%) and most burns occurred at home (83.78%). The total body surface area (TBSA) was mainly less than 10% (56.88%) with deep partial thickness (59.63%); however, 55.86% children did not receive any first-aid measures after burns. Path analysis showed that skin grafting surgery could reduce LOS, while TBSA greatly prolonged LOS. Multivariate analysis showed that age (hazard ratio, HR = 1.65) and burn depth (HR = 13.49) were risk factors for scarring. The TBSA (HR = 3.52) and burn depth (HR = 10.52) were risk influencing factors for limb mobility.
In southwest China children under 3 years old, scald burns are most common, and most burns occur at home. It seems that TBSA, skin grafting, age and burn depth are best predictors of the prognosis in hospitalized children with burns.
烧伤是全世界儿童常见的一种损伤，每年导致大量伤亡。本研究旨在采用多方法探讨住院儿童烧伤的临床流行病学特征，并评估预后的影响因素。
这是一项在中国西南部进行的儿科烧伤的横断面研究。调查了人口统计学特征和烧伤机制，并从病历中提取了临床数据、住院时间（LOS）和结局。采用逻辑回归和路径分析对烧伤的预后影响因素进行分析。
共调查了 111 例烧伤患儿（63.06%为男性）。中位年龄为 2.08 岁（四分位间距 IQR 1.25-3.75），大多数患儿（69.37%）年龄小于 3 岁。热液是主要病因（79.28%），大多数烧伤发生在家庭（83.78%）。总体表面积（TBSA）主要小于 10%（56.88%），为深部分层厚度（59.63%）；然而，55.86%的患儿烧伤后未接受任何急救措施。路径分析显示植皮手术可缩短 LOS，而 TBSA 显著延长 LOS。多变量分析显示年龄（危险比，HR=1.65）和烧伤深度（HR=13.49）是瘢痕形成的危险因素。TBSA（HR=3.52）和烧伤深度（HR=10.52）是影响肢体活动的危险因素。
在中国西南部，3 岁以下儿童最常见的是烫伤烧伤，大多数烧伤发生在家庭中。TBSA、植皮、年龄和烧伤深度似乎是住院儿童烧伤预后的最佳预测因素。
