From the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (M.O.G.).
Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (J.I.R.).
Circ Res. 2020 May 22;126(11):1526-1548. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.316065. Epub 2020 May 21.
Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). The major form of diabetes mellitus is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), which is thus largely responsible for the CHD association in the general population. Recent years have seen major advances in the genetics of T2D, principally through ever-increasing large-scale genome-wide association studies. This article addresses the question of whether this expanding knowledge of the genomics of T2D provides insight into the etiologic relationship between T2D and CHD. We will investigate this relationship by reviewing the evidence for shared genetic loci between T2D and CHD; by examining the formal testing of this interaction (Mendelian randomization studies assessing whether T2D is causal for CHD); and then turn to the implications of this genetic relationship for therapies for CHD, for therapies for T2D, and for therapies that affect both. In conclusion, the growing knowledge of the genetic relationship between T2D and CHD is beginning to provide the promise for improved prevention and treatment of both disorders.
糖尿病是冠心病（CHD）的一个主要危险因素。糖尿病的主要形式是 2 型糖尿病（T2D），因此它在普通人群中对 CHD 的发生有很大的影响。近年来，T2D 的遗传学取得了重大进展，主要是通过不断增加的大规模全基因组关联研究。本文探讨了这一不断扩大的 T2D 基因组学知识是否为 T2D 和 CHD 之间的病因关系提供了新的见解。我们将通过回顾 T2D 和 CHD 之间共享遗传位点的证据来研究这种关系；通过检查这种相互作用的正式检验（评估 T2D 是否为 CHD 的因果关系的孟德尔随机化研究）；然后转向这种遗传关系对 CHD 治疗、T2D 治疗以及影响两者的治疗的意义。总之，对 T2D 和 CHD 之间遗传关系的认识不断增加，开始为这两种疾病的预防和治疗提供了更好的前景。
