Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
PLoS One. 2020 May 21;15(5):e0233386. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233386. eCollection 2020.
Salt is an essential nutrient; however, excessive salt intake is a prominent public health concern worldwide. Various physiological functions are associated with circadian rhythms, and disruption of circadian rhythms is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and immune disease. Certain nutrients are vital regulators of peripheral circadian clocks. However, the role of a high-fat and high-salt (HFS) diet in the regulation of circadian gene expression is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an HFS diet on rhythms of locomotor activity, caecum glucocorticoid secretion, and clock gene expression in mice. Mice administered an HFS diet displayed reduced locomotor activity under normal light/dark and constant dark conditions in comparison with those administered a normal diet. The diurnal rhythm of caecum glucocorticoid secretion and the expression levels of glucocorticoid-related genes and clock genes in the adrenal gland were disrupted with an HFS diet. These results suggest that an HFS diet alters locomotor activity, disrupts circadian rhythms of glucocorticoid secretion, and downregulates peripheral adrenal gland circadian clock genes.
盐是一种必需的营养物质；然而，过量摄入盐是一个全球性的突出公共卫生问题。各种生理功能都与昼夜节律有关，而昼夜节律的破坏是心血管疾病、癌症和自身免疫性疾病的一个突出危险因素。某些营养物质是外周昼夜节律钟的重要调节剂。然而，高脂肪和高盐（HFS）饮食在调节昼夜节律基因表达中的作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨 HFS 饮食对小鼠运动活动节律、盲肠糖皮质激素分泌和时钟基因表达的影响。与给予正常饮食的小鼠相比，给予 HFS 饮食的小鼠在正常明暗和持续黑暗条件下的运动活动减少。HFS 饮食打乱了盲肠糖皮质激素分泌的昼夜节律和肾上腺中与糖皮质激素相关的基因和时钟基因的表达水平。这些结果表明，HFS 饮食改变了运动活动，扰乱了糖皮质激素分泌的昼夜节律，并下调了外周肾上腺昼夜节律钟基因。
