Institute of Life Sciences, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Nutrients. 2021 Nov 17;13(11):4123. doi: 10.3390/nu13114123.
Salt, commonly known as sodium chloride, is an important ingredient that the body requires in relatively minute quantities. However, consuming too much salt can lead to high blood pressure, heart disease and even disruption of circadian rhythms. The biological process of the circadian rhythm was first studied in and is well understood. Their locomotor activity gradually increases before the light is switched on and off, a phenomenon called anticipation. In a previous study, we showed that a high-salt diet (HSD) impairs morning anticipation behavior in . Here, we found that HSD did not significantly disrupt clock gene oscillation in the heads of flies, nor did it disrupt PERIOD protein oscillation in clock neurons or peripheral tissues. Remarkably, we found that HSD impairs neuronal plasticity in the axonal projections of circadian pacemaker neurons. Interestingly, we showed that increased excitability in PDF neurons mimics HSD, which causes morning anticipation impairment. Moreover, we found that HSD significantly disrupts neurotransmitter-related biological processes in the brain. Taken together, our data show that an HSD affects the multiple functions of neurons and impairs physiological behaviors.
盐，通常被称为氯化钠，是人体需要的一种重要成分，但其需要量非常微小。然而，摄入过多的盐会导致高血压、心脏病，甚至打乱昼夜节律。昼夜节律的生物学过程最早在 中进行了研究，并且已经得到了很好的理解。它们的活动在灯光打开和关闭之前逐渐增加，这种现象称为预期。在之前的一项研究中，我们发现高盐饮食（HSD）会损害 中的晨预期行为。在这里，我们发现 HSD 并没有显著破坏苍蝇头部的时钟基因振荡，也没有破坏时钟神经元或外周组织中 PERIOD 蛋白的振荡。值得注意的是，我们发现 HSD 会损害昼夜节律起搏器神经元轴突投射中的神经元可塑性。有趣的是，我们发现 PDF 神经元的兴奋性增加模拟了 HSD，从而导致晨预期受损。此外，我们发现 HSD 会显著破坏大脑中与神经递质相关的生物过程。总之，我们的数据表明，HSD 会影响神经元的多种功能，并损害生理行为。
