da Silva Ferreira Tiago Alfredo, Simões Aline Souza, Ferreira Amanda Raña, Dos Santos Bruno Oliveira Santana
Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Aristides Novis, 197, Estrada de São Lázaro, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40210-730 Brazil.
Perspect Behav Sci. 2019 Jul 11;43(1):177-188. doi: 10.1007/s40614-019-00219-w. eCollection 2020 Mar.
The context of psychotherapy involves ethical, theoretical, and technical matters regarding limits and possibilities to clinical practice. Some of these matters concern values and their importance for clinical interventions. Given the central role that the concept of values seems to have in current behavioral therapeutic models, this article intends to analyze and discuss perspectives regarding this concept as presented by authors such as Skinner, Leigland, Plumb, Wilson, and Harris. It is argued that the definition of values should be described using low-level terms, so that it may generate basic and applied research without losing its relevance to the clinical setting. We propose that values are stable and comprehensive qualities of behaving, described by the subject in augmental rules that establish a positive reinforcing function for his/her own described behavior. Further utility of such a definition involves its precision and focus on aspects that are under direct influence of the client.
心理治疗的背景涉及与临床实践的限制和可能性相关的伦理、理论和技术问题。其中一些问题涉及价值观及其在临床干预中的重要性。鉴于价值观概念在当前行为治疗模型中似乎具有核心作用，本文旨在分析和讨论斯金纳、利格兰德、普拉姆、威尔逊和哈里斯等作者所提出的关于这一概念的观点。有人认为，价值观的定义应该用低层次的术语来描述，以便它能够产生基础研究和应用研究，同时又不会失去其与临床环境的相关性。我们认为，价值观是行为的稳定且全面的品质，由主体在增强规则中进行描述，这些规则为其自身所描述的行为建立了积极的强化功能。这样一个定义的进一步效用在于它的精确性以及对受来访者直接影响的方面的关注。
