State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Aug;252:126590. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126590. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed in various environmental media and have thus attracted extensive attention worldwide. To prevent and control PAH pollution in China, the study of ambient water quality criteria (AWQC), human health risks, and aquatic ecological risk is critical. There are no reports to date on the human health AWQC of PAHs in China. Therefore, this study first derived the human health AWQC values of 12 PAHs based on exposure data and bioaccumulation factor in China. We found that local exposure parameters and other relevant factors were key during the development of AWQC in different countries and regions, which led to differences with the reference value recommended by USEPA. Based on the incremental life time cancer risk (ILCR), hazard quotients (HQ) and potentially affected fraction (PAF) methods, the health and ecological risks of 16 PAHs were assessed subsequently. And the results are as follows: the non-carcinogenic PAHs' health risks ranged from 1.01 × 10 to 1.60 × 10, and carcinogenic PAH health risks ranged from 5.03 × 10 to 4.74 × 10. The toxic effects of 8 PAHs on aquatic organisms exhibited the following order: benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) > anthracene (Ant) > pyrene (Pye) > phenanthrene (Phe) > fluoranthene (Flua) > acenaphthene (Ace) > fluorene (Flu) > naphthalene (Nap). Among these, the ecological risks posed by Ant and BaP were the highest, according to the HQ and PAF methods.
多环芳烃（PAHs）广泛分布于各种环境介质中，因此引起了全世界的广泛关注。为了预防和控制中国的 PAH 污染，研究环境水质标准（AWQC）、人体健康风险和水生生态风险至关重要。目前，中国尚未有关于 PAHs 人体健康 AWQC 的报道。因此，本研究首先根据中国的暴露数据和生物累积因子，推导了 12 种 PAHs 的人体健康 AWQC 值。我们发现，在不同国家和地区制定 AWQC 时，当地暴露参数和其他相关因素是关键，这导致与 USEPA 推荐的参考值存在差异。随后，我们采用增量终生致癌风险（ILCR）、危害系数（HQ）和潜在影响分数（PAF）方法评估了 16 种 PAHs 的健康和生态风险。结果如下：非致癌 PAHs 的健康风险范围为 1.01×10-1 至 1.60×10-1，致癌 PAHs 的健康风险范围为 5.03×10-2 至 4.74×10-2。8 种 PAHs 对水生生物的毒性效应按以下顺序排列：苯并（a）芘（BaP）>蒽（Ant）>芘（Pye）>菲（Phe）>荧蒽（Flua）>苊（Ace）>芴（Flu）>萘（Nap）。根据 HQ 和 PAF 方法，Ant 和 BaP 对生态系统的风险最高。
