Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Abeokuta 110124, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Abeokuta 110124, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 20;17(10):3579. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103579.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans has been linked to non-judicious antimicrobial use (AMU) in food animals. To develop antimicrobial stewardship plans (AMSPs) for pig farmers, there is the need to understand the current status of AMU and the driving factors in the industry. Data on AMU, farmers' perceptions of associated drivers, and biosecurity were collected through a mixed-method study design with focus group discussions (FGDs) and questionnaire-based interviews. Antimicrobials (AMs) were mainly used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. Common AMs used were tetracycline (78.8%), gentamycin (53.8%), and tylosin (52.5%). Perceived drivers of AMU were linked to economic benefits, farmers' previous experiences, sick animals, expensive veterinary services, easy accessibility to over-the-counter drugs, poor farm practices, and poor disease prevention strategies. AMU was poor (average 40.2%), while knowledge on AMs and implications for animal and human health was considered averagely satisfactory (56.4%). The biosecurity level was also satisfactory (53.0%) and significantly associated with having a written farm health plan ( = 0.035). Good AMU was found to be strongly associated with farmers' use of veterinary services ( = 0.001). Diverse factors drive antimicrobial use among pig farmers in Ogun State, and these could be addressed by providing continuing education on antimicrobial stewardship and best farm practices.
人类的抗菌素耐药性（AMR）与食用动物中不合理使用抗菌素（AMU）有关。为了制定养猪户的抗菌素管理计划（AMSP），有必要了解目前 AMU 的状况和行业中的驱动因素。通过采用焦点小组讨论（FGD）和基于问卷的访谈相结合的混合方法研究设计，收集了 AMU、农民对相关驱动因素的看法以及生物安全方面的数据。抗菌素（AMs）主要用于治疗和预防目的。常用的 Am 包括四环素（78.8%）、庆大霉素（53.8%）和泰乐菌素（52.5%）。AMU 的感知驱动因素与经济效益、农民的以往经验、患病动物、昂贵的兽医服务、易于获得非处方药物、不良的农场实践和较差的疾病预防策略有关。AMU 较差（平均 40.2%），而对 Am 的了解及其对动物和人类健康的影响被认为平均令人满意（56.4%）。生物安全水平也令人满意（53.0%），与制定书面农场健康计划显著相关（ = 0.035）。良好的 AMU 与农民使用兽医服务密切相关（ = 0.001）。奥贡州养猪户使用抗菌素的因素多种多样，通过提供抗菌素管理和最佳农场实践的继续教育，可以解决这些问题。
