Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo., Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2021 Mar;33(2):294-302. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12599. Epub 2020 May 23.
To evaluate the protective effect of phytosphingosine (PHS) against staining on dental enamel.
Ninety-six specimens of bovine teeth (6 mm × 6 mm × 2 mm) were cut, and initial color (Easyshade, VITA), microhardness (HMV-2, Shimadzu) and fluorescence (Matlabs software, Matworks) measurements were performed. Specimens were separated into four groups according to the treatments: Distilled water (control); Human saliva (HS); PHS; PHS + HS. Specimens (n = 6) were submitted to staining procedures: Distilled water (immersion for 30 days-control); Coffee (15 minutes, twice a day/for 15 days); Black tea (as described for Coffee) and cigarette smoke (20 cigarettes/sample). Final measurements were performed, and data were analyzed (Color-CIEDE2000, fluorescence-2-way ANOVA, Tukey, and microhardness-Kruskal-Wallis Dunn, P < .05).
Coffee caused the highest color change (ΔE ), followed by black tea, regardless of the treatment employed. Distilled water and cigarette smoke produced similar color changes (P > .05) for the groups control (water = 1.0 + - 0.5/ cigarette = 2.3 0.3) and PHS (water = 0.8 0.4/ cigarette = 2.3 0.4). PHS + HS demonstrated intermediate means than PHS and HS when stained with coffee and tea. After treatments, the least fluorescence alterations occurred for the groups treated with distilled water and cigarette, regardless of the treatment, with no difference (P > .05) between them. There was a significant difference (P < .05) on microhardness between all the groups, as PHS + HS > PHS > HS > Distilled water.
It was concluded that PHS treatment did not protect the staining of the enamel by coffee and tea, but increased the microhardness, both in the presence and absence of a salivary pellicle.
Phytoshingosine is a novel agent and considered a promising component for anti-biofilm and anti-erosion properties by the formation of a diffusion barrier on the dental enamel. In line, PHS might be considered for anti-staining purposes.
评估植物鞘氨醇（PHS）对牙釉质染色的保护作用。
从 96 个牛牙标本（6mm×6mm×2mm）中切取，进行初始颜色（Easyshade，VITA）、显微硬度（HMV-2，岛津）和荧光（Matlabs 软件，Matworks）测量。根据处理方法将标本分为四组：蒸馏水（对照）；人唾液（HS）；PHS；PHS+HS。将标本（n=6）进行染色程序：蒸馏水（浸泡 30 天-对照）；咖啡（每天两次，15 分钟/15 天）；红茶（如咖啡所述）和香烟烟雾（每个样本 20 支香烟）。进行最终测量，并对数据进行分析（颜色-CIEDE2000，荧光-2 因素方差分析，Tukey，显微硬度-Kruskal-Wallis Dunn，P<.05）。
咖啡导致的颜色变化（ΔE）最高，其次是红茶，无论使用何种处理方法。蒸馏水和香烟烟雾对对照组（水=1.0±0.5/香烟=2.30.3）和 PHS 组（水=0.80.4/香烟=2.30.4）产生相似的颜色变化（P>.05）。用咖啡和茶染色时，与 PHS 和 HS 相比，PHS+HS 组的平均值居中。处理后，用蒸馏水和香烟处理的组荧光变化最小，无论处理方式如何，它们之间没有差异（P>.05）。所有组之间的显微硬度均有显著差异（P<.05），PHS+HS>PHS>HS>蒸馏水。
PHS 处理不能保护牙釉质不受咖啡和茶的染色，但增加了微硬度，在有和没有唾液膜的情况下都是如此。
植物鞘氨醇是一种新型试剂，被认为是一种有前途的抗生物膜和抗侵蚀成分，因为它在牙釉质上形成扩散屏障。因此，PHS 可能被认为具有抗染色作用。
