Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety "Carlo Cantoni" (VESPA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Sep 1;733:139366. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139366. Epub 2020 May 15.
Episodes of indoor exposure to toxic compounds in companion animals are frequent. Toxico-epidemiological data on this matter are fundamental not only to take proper corrective actions but especially because domestic animals represent crucial sentinels for environmental toxicants. In this review we will present an overview on indoor poisoning of companion animals by chemicals in Europe, providing information on trends and emphasizing emerging indoor contaminants. In general, pesticides are the most frequent class of toxicants involved in indoor animal poisoning episodes in Europe. Among them, insecticides (in particular anticholinesterase compounds) and anticoagulant rodenticides are frequently implicated, but molluscicides (i.e. metaldehyde) together with household products have also shown a growing or at least stable trend in the poisoning episodes. Considering the emerging molecules, neonicotinoids (imidacloprid and acetamiprid) and glyphosate formulations have been pointed out, whereas with regard to households, besides the well-known ethylene glycol, attention should be paid to emerging products such as sodium polyacrylate polymeric hydrogels, xylitol, glowsticks and liquid laundry detergent capsules. The environmental contamination by chemical households is a global challenge and bioindicators like pets may be valuable tools to perform a comprehensive monitoring and risk assessment.
宠物在室内接触有毒化合物的情况时有发生。有关这方面的毒理学流行病学数据不仅对于采取适当的纠正措施至关重要，而且尤其因为家养动物是环境毒物的重要哨兵。在这篇综述中，我们将概述欧洲室内宠物因化学物质而中毒的情况，提供有关趋势的信息，并强调新兴的室内污染物。一般来说，杀虫剂是欧洲室内动物中毒事件中最常见的有毒物质类别。其中，杀虫剂（特别是抗胆堿酯化合物）和抗凝血灭鼠剂经常被牵连，但杀螺剂（即 聚乙醛）以及家用产品在中毒事件中也呈现出增长或至少稳定的趋势。考虑到新兴的分子，新烟碱类（吡虫啉和噻虫胺）和草甘膦制剂已被指出，而对于家庭来说，除了众所周知的乙二醇外，还应注意新兴产品，如聚丙烯酸钠聚合水凝胶、木糖醇、发光棒和洗衣液胶囊。家庭化学物质的环境污染是一个全球性挑战，宠物等生物标志物可能是进行全面监测和风险评估的有价值工具。
