Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Atomic Spectroscopy Partner Laboratory, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4010, Hungary.
Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Feb;199(2):732-743. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02190-z. Epub 2020 May 23.
In present study the effect of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) contamination was assessed by modeling a freshwater food web of water, zooplankton (Daphnia pulex), and zebrafish (Danio rerio) under laboratory conditions. Metals were added to the rearing media of D. pulex, and enriched zooplankton was fed to zebrafish in a feeding trial. The elemental analysis of rearing water, zooplankton, and fish revealed significant difference in the treatments compared to the control. In D. pulex the Mn level increased almost in parallel with the dose of supplementation, as well as the Fe level differed statistically. A negative influence of the supplementation on the fish growth was observed: specific growth rate (SGR%) and weight gain (WG) decreased in Fe and Mn containing treatments. The redundancy analysis (RDA) of concentration data showed strong correlation between the rearing water and D. pulex, as well as the prey organism of Fe- and Mn-enriched D. pulex and the predator organism of D. rerio. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) calculated for water to zooplankton further proved the relationship between the Fe and Mn dosage applied in the treatments and measured in D. pulex. Trophic transfer factor (TTF) results also indicate that significant retention of the metals occurred in D. rerio individuals, however, in a much lower extent than in the water to zooplankton stage. Our study suggests that Fe and Mn significantly accumulate in the lower part of the trophic chain and retention is effective through the digestive track of zebrafish, yet no biomagnification occurs. Graphical abstract.
在本研究中，通过在实验室条件下模拟淡水食物网（水、浮游动物（水蚤）和斑马鱼），评估了铁（Fe）和锰（Mn）污染的影响。将金属添加到水蚤的饲养介质中，并在喂养试验中用富含金属的浮游动物喂养斑马鱼。与对照相比，饲养水、浮游动物和鱼类的元素分析显示处理组存在显著差异。在水蚤中，Mn 水平几乎与补充剂量平行增加，而 Fe 水平在统计学上也有所不同。补充对鱼类生长有负面影响：Fe 和 Mn 含量处理组的特定生长率（SGR%）和体重增加（WG）下降。浓度数据的冗余分析（RDA）显示，饲养水与水蚤之间，以及富 Fe 和 Mn 的水蚤的猎物生物与斑马鱼的捕食者生物之间存在强烈的相关性。计算的水到浮游动物的生物浓缩系数（BCF）进一步证明了处理中应用的 Fe 和 Mn 剂量与水蚤中测量的剂量之间的关系。营养传递因子（TTF）的结果也表明，金属在斑马鱼个体中显著蓄积，但蓄积程度远低于水到浮游动物阶段。我们的研究表明，Fe 和 Mn 在下一个食物链中大量蓄积，通过斑马鱼的消化道进行有效的保留，但不会发生生物放大。图表摘要。
