Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Oct 30;162:63-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.054. Epub 2018 Jun 29.
Daphnia galeata and Daphnia magna belong to the family Daphniidae. Daphnia galeata has a smaller body size and longer helmet than D. magna. Although D. galeata is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, it is not as commonly used in aquatic ecotoxicity tests as D. magna. There have been only few ecotoxicological studies on the toxicity of heavy metals, organic matter, and nanomaterials in D. galeata. Thus, there is a need to discover new test species and expand the number of currently known test species to elucidate species sensitivity to aquatic pollutants. We carried out a comparative study on the sensitivity of D. magna (which represents the test water flea species) and D. galeata to heavy metal toxicity. The acute toxicity values (EC50 and LC50) of 11 heavy metal species, including silver (Ag), arsenite (As), cadmium (Cd), chromate (Cr), cupric (Cu), ferrous (Fe), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), in D. galeata and D. magna were compared by conducting acute toxicity assays and comparing the data with the available data. The age of the tested Daphnia individuals and the type of exposure medium were considered for more reliable comparison of species sensitivity. We observed that D. galeata was more sensitive to Ag, As, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Pb than D. magna. The sensitivity to Cu, Cd, and Zn was similar for D. magna and D. galeata. This study presents important aquatic toxicity and sensitivity data on D. galeata, which is not a widely used species in aquatic ecotoxicology studies. Our results recommend D. galeata as a suitable species for aquatic ecotoxicity tests because of its higher sensitivity.
大型溞和水蚤 galeata 属于 Daphniidae 科。水蚤 galeata 比水蚤 magna 体型更小，头盔更长。尽管水蚤 galeata 广泛分布于北半球，但在水生生态毒性测试中不如水蚤 magna 常用。关于重金属、有机物和纳米材料对水蚤 galeata 的毒性，仅有少数几项生态毒理学研究。因此，有必要发现新的测试物种，并扩大目前已知测试物种的数量，以阐明物种对水生污染物的敏感性。我们对水蚤 magna（代表测试水蚤物种）和水蚤 galeata 对重金属毒性的敏感性进行了比较研究。通过急性毒性试验，比较了 11 种重金属（包括银（Ag）、亚砷酸盐（As）、镉（Cd）、铬酸盐（Cr）、铜（Cu）、亚铁（Fe）、汞（Hg）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn））在水蚤 galeata 和水蚤 magna 中的急性毒性值（EC50 和 LC50），并将数据与现有数据进行了比较。考虑到测试的溞类个体的年龄和暴露介质的类型，以便更可靠地比较物种敏感性。我们观察到，水蚤 galeata 对 Ag、As、Cr、Fe、Ni 和 Pb 的敏感性高于水蚤 magna。水蚤 magna 和水蚤 galeata 对 Cu、Cd 和 Zn 的敏感性相似。这项研究提供了关于水蚤 galeata 的重要水生毒性和敏感性数据，水蚤 galeata 不是水生生态毒理学研究中广泛使用的物种。我们的结果推荐水蚤 galeata 作为水生生态毒性测试的合适物种，因为它的敏感性更高。
